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Chapter 10
Flashcards.
| Description | Title |
|---|---|
| Shape of DNA | Double Helix |
| Scientists credited for the discovery of the structure of DNA | Watson and Crick |
| The person who took X-Ray diffraction photographs of DNA crystals | Rosalind Franklin |
| Adenine and guanine | Purines |
| Thymine and cytosine | Pyrimidines |
| American biochemist who observed that the percentage of adenine equals the percentage of thymine, and the percentage of cytosine equals that of the guanine in the DNA of a variety of organisms | Erwin Chargaff |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | DNA |
| Purine compatible with thymine | Adenine |
| Purine compatible with cytosine | Guanine |
| Pyrimidine compatible with adenine | Thymine |
| Pyrimidine compatible with guanine | Cytosine |
| Process of copying DNA | Replication |
| Made up of 3 parts: sugar (deoxyribose) , phosphate (phosphorous) and one of four nitrogen containing bases (A, G, T, C) | DNA Nucleotide |
| Enzymes that bind to the separated chains of DNA | DNA Polymerase |
| The result of a change in the nucleotide. (One error in every 10,000 paired nucleotides) | Mutation |
| Enzymes repair errors and bring the error rate down to 1 per 1 billion nucleotides | Proofreading |
| A correlation between a nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence | Genetic Code |
| Cytosol | Cytoplasm |
| The process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA | Transcription |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA |
| tRNA | Transfer RNA |
| rRNA | Ribosomal RNA |
| The production of proteins | Protein Synthesis |
| There are 20... | Amino Acids |
| The process of assembling polypeptides from information encoded in mRNA | Translation |
| The loop opposite of the site of amino acid attachment bears a sequence of three nucleotides called an... | Anticodon |
| DNA is made up of repeating subunits of | Nucleotides |
| Has two rings of carbon | Purines |
| Has one ring of carbon | Pyrimidines |
| The chains of a hydrogen bond are separated by enzymes called | Helicases |