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Mammalogy
Modern Mammal Reproduction
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Male Anatomy | Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, urethra, penis, scrotum |
Position of Testes | In abdominal cavity; Seasonally descended; Permanently descended |
Spermatogenesis occurs in... | Seminiferous tubule |
Leydig cells | Produce testosterone |
Semen's purpose is... | For sperm nourishment; Lubercent; Decreasing vaginal acidity |
Female Reproductive Purposes... | Produce ova; Receive sperm; Protect and nourish embryo; Birth young; Nourish offspring |
Female Anatomy | Ovaries, ova and hormones, oviducts/Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, vulva |
Female Reproduction | FSH to enlarge follicle; Follicle to surface; LH causes rupture; Ovum passes oviduct |
Mammalian Uteri Types | Didelphous; Duplex; Bipartite; Bicornuate; Simplex |
Uteri Type; Didelphous | Marsupials; Paired uteri; Paired Oviducts; Paired Vaginal canals |
Uteri Type: Duplex | Eutherian; Two uteri; Two cervixes; One vagina; Lagomorphs and rodents |
Uteri Type: Bipartite | Eutherian; Two uteri; One cervix; Carnivores and cetaceans |
Uteri Type; Bicornuate | Eutherian; Most common; Uterian horns fused distally and separate proximally; Insectivores, bats, artiodactyls, perissodactyl |
Uteri Type; Simplex | Eutherian; No separations; Primates, anteaters, pangolins |
Placenta | Functionally produces hormones to regulate mother's immune systems not to abort fetus; Choriovitelline and Chorioallantioc Types |
Placenta Type: Choriovitelline | Marsupials; Weak connective tissue so weak nutrient and waste exchange; Enlarged yolk sac; Short gestation; Long lactation; Altrical young |
Placenta Type: Chorioallantoic | Eutherians and Bandicoots; Strong connection to uterus; Reduced yolk sac; High vascularized; Long gestation; Short lactation; Four types based on villi connection |
Estrous Cycle | Brief period of receptivity shortly before and after ovulation; Monestrous and Polyestrous Types |
Estrous Cycle; Monestrous | Once per year; Carnivores |
Estrous Cycle: Polyestrous | Several per year; Rabbits |
Ovulation | Spontaneous; Induced; Delayed Ferilization |
Ovulation: Spontaneous | Egg ovulation occurs before copulation |
Ovulation: Induced | Copulation occurs before egg ovulation |
Ovulation: Delayed Fertilization | Copulation occurs before hibernation, and fertilization occurs after hibernation |
Ovulation: Delayed Development | Copulation, Fertilization, slow development. |
Ovulation: Delayed Implantation | Ovulation, Copulation, Fertilization, Delayed blastocyst implantation |
Lactation | Estradiol and progesterone, birth drops estradiol, causes prolactin and stimulates motherhood, nipple stimulation to pituitary gland for oxytocin and have alveoli eject milk |