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Ch. 7 IR: Team Bio.
Extending Mendelian Genetics
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| carrier | Someone who is heterozygous, does not have a disorder, but carries the recessive allele, and can pass on the allelle to the offspring. | Example: Colorblindedness: A mother may able to see red and green but her son may not. |
| X chromosomal inactivation | The process by which one of the two X chromosomes in every cell in female mammals gets turned off. | |
| incomplete dominance | When allelles are neither dominant or recessive. | Example: Snapdragon and four o'clock plants: When homozygous red flowers are crossed with homozygous white flowers, the offspring have pink flowers. |
| codominance | Both allelles are expressed completely, and neither is dominant or recessive. | Example:In codominance, a homozygous red flower crossed wth a homozygous white flower would have red areas and white areas. |
| polygenic traits | Traits produced by two or more genes. | Example: eye color(3+ genes) and skin color (4 different genes) |
| linkage maps | Show the relative locations of genes on a chromosome and estimate the distances between genes. | |
| pedigree chart | Uses family phenotypes for tracing genes in a family to determine the chance that a might have a certain genetic disorder. | |
| karyotype | A picture of all of the chromosomes of a cell. | |
| sex-linked genes | The genes on the sex chromosomes, usually the X chromosome because the Y chromosome is smaller and has many fewer genes. |
Created by:
llthompson
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