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chapter 22
biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| along with heterotrophs break Down organic molecules and make them available for recycling | fungi |
| obtain energy by absorbing energy from there surroundings | heterotrophic |
| they have long slender filaments which weave together to form a fungus body | Filamentous bodies |
| the tough material found in the exoskeleton of bugs, they are in the wall of the fungi | Walls made of chitin |
| in a dividing mushroom cell the nuclear envelope remains intact from prophase to anaphase | Nuclear mitosis |
| what are the 4 characteristics of a fungi | 1) heterotrophic 2) filamentous bodies 3) Walls made of chitin 4) nuclear mitosis |
| mold on lime | Penicillium |
| all fungi except yeast have bodies composed of slender filaments called Hyphae | Hyphae |
| when they grow they form a tangled mess called Mycelium | Mycelium |
| each Hyphae is a long string of cells divided by wall | septa |
| fungi digests food outside there body through the tips of the Hyphae, they secrete powerful digestive enzymes that break down the organic matter into smaller molecules, the fungi absorbs these molecules and uses them for energy | Food digestion |
| they like leaves, branches, animal corpses, waste, paper, cardboard, paint, petroleum, bread, fruit, vegetables, and meat Benefits of Fungi | food source |
| the yeast produce Carbon dioxide and ethanol for bread, and wine making | Carbon dioxide and ethanol production |
| in Cheese your smelling the mold | Pungent flavors and aromas |
| it produces the antibiotics main one, Penicillin makes penicillium | Antibiotics |
| drug derived from a fungus that lives in the soil, it suppresses the reactions of the immune system that causes the rejection of transplanted organ | cyclosporine |
| reproduce by releasing spores, the reproductive structures are at the tip of the hyphae, they extent high and the air currents carry them to a new habitat. They land in a suitable place and divide and begun a new mold Fungal Diversity | reproduction |
| what phylum is yeast in | phylum Ascomycota |
| bakers yeast, used in bread and alcoholic beverages | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| causes thrush, a disease in milk white legions form on the mouth, lips and throat | Candida albicans |
| Reproduce by budding | yeast |
| what phylum are mushrooms in | phylum Basidiomycota |
| •Basidium •Reproduce sexually | phylum Basidiomycota |
| what phylum is Fungi Imperfecti in | phylum Deuteromycota |
| •Asexual reproductive structures •Penicillium •Aspergillus | Fungi Imperfecti |
| symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner | Lichen |
| provides energy rich compounds for both partners | Photosynthetic partner |
| protects from the environment and provides mineral nutrients | Fungal partner |
| Tough construction of fungus and photosynthetic abilities of plant – can live in the | harshest of habitats |
| sensitive to pollutants | linchen |
| Symbiotic relationship of certain fungi with roots of plants | Mycorrhizae |
| Fungal filaments transfer phosphorus and minerals to roots of plant and plant supplies carbohydrates to fungus | Mycorrhizae |
| formation of a small cell from a larger one | budding |
| named for there characteristic club shaped sexually reproduction structure called the Basidium | Basidium |
| unlike other fungi phylum | Reproduce sexually |
| classified on the basis of there asexual reproductive structures | Asexual reproductive structures |
| produces the antibiotic penicillin | Penicillium |
| used for fermenting soy sauce and for the commercial production of citric acid | Aspergillus |
| athletes foot and ring worm | fungi |
| they live together and both benefit | Symbolic |
| the photosynthetic partner provides energy rich compounds for both partners while the fungi partner provides protection from the environment and nutrients | lichens |
| sensitive to pollutants due to they absorb substances dissolved in rain and dew these compounds then quickly destroy the lichens chlorophyll decreasing the rate of photosynthesis killing the lichen therefore being good indicator of the environments health | lichens |
| tough structure of fungus and the photosynthetic abilities of plants enables the two to endure the harshest of environments such as the artic the desert bare soil tree trunks or sun baked rocks Can survive high drought and freezing by becoming dormant | lichens |
Created by:
Lauren Bowers
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