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Medical Emergencies
Chapter 1 & 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atrial Tachycardia | rapid heart rate more than or equal to 150 beats per minute |
| Bradycardia | a heart rate less than 60 bpm, with normal electrocardiogram (ECG) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure | the pressure in arteries when the heart rests, or between beats |
| Hypertension | blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mm Hg or higher |
| Metabolic Equivalents (METs) | a measurement of the ability to perform common daily tasks |
| Systolic Blood Pressure | the pressure in arteries during ventricular contraction, or when the heart beats |
| Tachyarrhthmia | a fast, irregular heart rate, usually over 150 bpm |
| Tachycardia | a heart rate in excess of 100 bpm with normal ECG |
| Blood Dyscrasia | an abnormal condition where components of the blood contain an overabundance of certain cells, immature cells, or inadequate quantities of cellular elements, such as in leukemia or hemophila |
| Crepitation | a clicking or popping sound as the jaw is opened |
| Etiology | the cause of any condition or disease |
| Hyperventilation | excessive intake of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide; fast breathing often precipitated by anxiety |
| Postural Hypotension | reduction in blood pressure, usually as a result of a drug side effect; leading to loss of consciousness due to cerebral ischemia |
| Syncope | fainting; temporary loss of consciousness due to cerebral ischma |
| Tetany | sharp flexion of the wrist and fingers, muscle twitches caused by a decrease in the concentration of extracellular joint |
| ASA is an acronym for what? | American Society of Anesthesiolgist |
| ASA I | normal healthy pt. |
| ASA I | able to walk up one flight of stairs or 2 city blocks without distress |
| ASA I | little or no anxiety |
| ASA I | little or no risk |
| ASA I | supervising DDS will not need to be made aware of the presence of this pt. before Tx |
| ASA II | pt. have mild to moderate systemic disease of is a healthy ASA I who demonstrates more extreme anxiety of dentistry |
| ASA II | pt. is able to walk up a flight of stairs or 2 blocks, but have to rest afterwards because of distress |
| ASA II | minimal risk during Tx |
| ASA II | DDS needs to be made aware prior to Tx |
| ASA II | well controlled non insulin Type II diabetes |
| ASA II | Epilepsy |
| ASA II | Asthma allergy or viral induced asthma |
| ASA II | thyroid conditions |
| ASA II | ASA I with respiratory condition |
| ASA II | ASA I with pregnancy |
| ASA II | ASA I with active allergies |
| ASA II | ASA I with extreme fear |
| What are some signs and symptoms of acute anxiety? Name three. | cold, sweaty palms or forehead, flushing of face, altered facial expressions |
| ASA III | pt. has severe systemic disease that limits activity but is not incapacitating so the pt.'s are able to move around by themselves |
| ASA III | pt. can walk up one flight of stairs or 2 blocks but has to stop during the trip to recuperate |
| ASA III | stress protocol and modified Tx are indicated |
| ASA III | DDS should be aware and may want to examine pt. prior to Tx as well as contact pt.'s physician |
| ASA III | Stable angina pectoris |
| ASA III | excercise induced asthma |
| ASA III | controlled insulin dependent diabetes Type I |
| ASA III | myocardial infarction |
| ASA III | cerebrovascular accident history (heart attack or stroke) greater than six months ago |
| ASA III | congestive heart failure |
| ASA III | chronic cardiovascular conditions |
| ASA III | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD emphysema |
| ASA III | elevated blood pressure |
| What is the ASA classifications of controlled Type I diabetes? | ASA III |
| What is the ASA classification of uncontrolled Type I diabetes? | ASA IV |
| What is the ASA classification of controlled Type II diabetes? | ASA II |
| What is the ASA classification of uncontrolled Type II diabetes? | ASA III |
| ASA IV | severe systemic disease that limits activity and is a constant threat to life |
| ASA IV | pt. is unable to walk up one flight of stairs or 2 blocks |
| ASA IV | distress is present even at rest |
| ASA IV | pt. poses significant risk |
| ASA IV | pt. has a severe medical problem that is of greater importance than the planned dental Tx |
| ASA IV | elective care should be postponed until medical condition has improved to at least ASA III |
| ASA IV | DDS will need to be consulted prior to Tx |
| ASA IV | unstable angina pectoris (sharp chest pains) |
| ASA IV | myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident with in the last six months |
| ASA IV | elevated blood pressure 180/110 |
| ASA IV | severe congestive heart failure |
| ASA IV | severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that requires oxygen |
| ASA IV | uncontrolled epilepsy |
| ASA IV | uncontrolled diabetes type I |
| ASA IV | uncontrolled thyroid condition |
| ASA V | pt. are not expected to survive more than 24 hours with or without an operation |
| ASA V | almost always in the hospital |
| ASA V | terminally ill |
| ASA V | elective dental Tx is contradictated |
| ASA V | except emergency care (palliative) to elevate pain Tx may be necessary |
| ASA V | all care should be done in the hospital |
| ASA VI | clinically dead pt.'s being maintained for organ harvesting |
| ASA_E | emergency operation of any variety |
| ASA_E | used to modify one of the ASA classifications |
| What is the adult normal respiration rate? | 12-18 per minute |
| What rapid respiration rate should get our attention? | 28 per minute |
| What respiration rate should we activate 911? | 60 per minute |
| What slow respiration rate should get our attention? | less than 8 incubate |
| Children 3-4 years old normal pulse rate is? | 80-120 bpm |
| Children 5-6 years old normal pulse rate is? | 75-115 bpm |
| Children 7-9 years old normal pulse rate is? | 70-110 bpm |
| Children 10 years and older, and adults including seniors pulse rate is? | 60-80 bpm |
| Well trained athletes pulse rate is? | 40-60 bpm |
| What pulse rate is qualified as bradycardia? | below 50 bpm |
| Adult normal blood pressure is? | less than 120 and less than 80 120/80 |
| Prehypertension blood pressure is? | 120-139/80-89 |
| Stage 1 hypertension blood pressure is? | 140-159/90-99 |
| Stage 2 hypertension blood pressure is? | 160/100 or greater than |
| At what blood pressure will we not treat pt.'s at? | at or above 180/110 |
Created by:
daisenmurray
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