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The Cell in Action
Maria Diaz
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
osmosis | the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. |
passive transport | the movement of substance across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
active transport | the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy. |
endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particles into the cell. |
ecoytosis | the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell memebrane. |
photosynthesis | the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food. |
cellular respiration | the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. |
fermentation | the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen. |
cell cycle | the life cycle of a cell. |
chromosomes | in a eukaryotic cell one of the structures int the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA. |
homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure. |
mitosis | in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes. |
cytokinsis | the division of the cytoplasm of a cell. |