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The Cell in Action
Joshua Mckensie
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. |
| Passive Transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell. |
| Active Transport | The movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy. |
| Endocytosis | The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell. |
| Exocytosis | The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane. |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food. |
| Cellular Respiration | The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. |
| Fermentation | The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen. |
| Cell Cycle | The life cycle of a cell |
| Chromosomes | In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA. |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure. |
| Mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes. |
| Cytokinesis | The division of thee cytoplasm of a cell. |