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Cell Organelles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the parts of the cell theory? | All living things are made of cells; Cells carry out the functions needed to support life; Cells come only from other living cells |
| How do you calculate the total magnification of an object? | You multiply the objective lens by the eyepiece |
| How did people first learn about cells? | A scientist made a microscope and noticed many tiny chambers and then he named them cells named after a prison cell |
| Cell wall | Made of cellulose, provides shape structure protection and support, only in plant cells |
| Cell membrane | Decides what goes in and what goes out, provides support protection, in all cells- made of cholesterol |
| Nucleus | Controls functions of cells, contains genetic information |
| Cytoplasm | Supports and protects organelles |
| Golgi body | Processes and packages molecules, like lipids and proteins, that were made by the cell |
| Ribosomes | Produces proteins, the smallest organelle |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Network of tubes, two types- smooth(no ribosomes) or rough(with ribosomes) |
| Mitochondria | Breaks down sugar molecules to release usable energy, Has inner foldings (Cristae) that increase the internal surface area |
| Vacuole | Stores food water and waste |
| Lysosomes | ONLY IN ANIMAL CELLS, Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller ones, Digests old cell parts |
| Chloroplasts | ONLY IN PLANT CELLS, Uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant |
| How do needed materials get in and out of the cell? | Passive transport- osmosis and diffusion; active transport- endocytosis and exocytosis |
| What happens during photosynthesis and respiration? | Photosynthesis makes glucose and oxygen which happens to be the needed materials for respiration that produces water, energy, and carbon dioxide which is what the plant needs to preform photosynthesis |
| What are the raw materials and products of photosynthesis and respiration? | Photosynthesis- carbon dioxide, water, energy Respiration- oxygen, sugar |
| What would happen to a cell when placed in different solutions like in a high water concentration, low water concentration, or in an equal water concentration? | High water concentration- spread out evenly among the water Low water concentration- go to the low concentration area Equal water concentration- stay in place |
| How are cells grouped into increasingly larger structures? | Atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism, populations, communities, ecosystem, biosphere, the universe |
| Passive transport | Movement across the cell membrane freely with no energy requirement |
| Active transport | Movement from a low concentration to a high concentration which requires energy |
| Osmosis | Movement of water molecules across a membrane- equalizing the concentrations on each side |
| Diffusion | Movement or spreading out of a substance down a concentration gradient(more to less of concentration) |
| Endocytosis | A particle is taken into a cell(requires energy) |
| Exocytosis | A particle is exported out of the cell(requires energy) |
| What are the phases of Mitosis? | Interphase, prophase, metephase, anaphase, telephase, cytokinesis |
| Why does mitosis take place? | To repair old cells and to grow bigger |
Created by:
Nyan.cat
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