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Biology 10.4
Biology-Circulation and Respiration Chapter 10 Section 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| It functions to supply the body with oxygen and to rid it of excess carbon dioxide. | respiratory system |
| The Primary organ of your respiratory system are your two ______, large, spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on opposite sides of your heart. | lungs |
| The process of breathing -inhaling and exhaling air- and gas exchange is called ______ ________. | external respiration |
| The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood cells and the tissue cells is called _________ _________. | internal respiration |
| Within the cells themselves the process of releasing energy from food takes place. This process required oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. | cellular respiration |
| When we breathe, air enters the nose and passes into the pharynx. This air is warmed, moistened, and filtered as it passes through the nasal cavity and circulated through the _____ _______ the irregular shaped pockets, or air spaces, in the nasal cavity. | nasal meatuses |
| The _____ is the opening of the trachea; the flap of tissue which covers the opening of the trachea is called the epiglottis. | glottis |
| The glottis is the opening of the trachea; the flap of tissue which covers the opening of the trachea is called the ________. | epiglottis |
| Inside the boxlike larynx are two folds of elastic tissue called _______ ________. | vocal cords |
| The trachea divides into two branches, the ______, when it enters the thoracic cavity. | bronchi |
| Each branch of the trachea is called a __________, and one bronchus enters each lung. | bronchus |
| As each bronchus enters a lung, it divides into many branches called _________ ________. | bronchial tubes |
| The bronchial tubes branch many times to form still smaller tubes called __________. | bronchioles |
| The smallest bronchioles ends in small saclike structures called _______. | alveoli |
| The lining of the bronchial tubes can be irritated by infection or by smoking. The inflammation of this lining is called _________. | bronchitis |
| Severe bronchitis can lead to __________, a bacterial or viral infection of the linings in the lungs which cause the lungs to secrete large quantities of fluid. | pneumonia |
| ________ ________ is an allergic condition characterized by spasms of the bronchial tube muscles, which cause the tubes to suddenly constrict, making breathing difficult. | Bronchial asthma |
| A double membrane called the _________ _______ lines the inside of the rib cage, providing lubrication to prevent friction between the ribs and the delicate surface of the lungs. | pleural membrane |
| Sometimes the pleura becomes inflamed, a painful condition known as _______. | pleurisy |
| The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber, but has a movable floor called the _______, which is a thick sheet of muscle that separated the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. | diaphragm |
| Speech originates in the throat, inside a delicately designed organ called the ______ or "voice box", a special enlargement of the trachea. | larynx |
| Several _______ _________ act together to move the vocal cords in an open-closed movement. | laryngeal muscles |
| the ribs and breastbone | the intercostal muscles |
| The action of inhaling or breathing in. | inhalation |
| The process or action of exhaling. | exhalation |
| When you inhale and exhale as much as you can, that volume is called the _______ ________. | vital capacity |
| The normal amount of air in your lungs is called the ________ ________. | tidal volume |
| The most common respiratory disease of all is undoubtedly the ________ ______. | common cold |
| Another common threat to the respiratory system is the disease known as ________, or "the flu." | influenza |
| _______ is caused by a slow-growing bacterium that infects the lungs. | tubeculosis |
| ________ is a progressive deterioration of the alveoli caused by malfunctioning enzymes; it can result from genetic causes, chronic bronchitis, and continuous exposure to smoke or other irritants. | Emphysema |
| _____ _____ is one of the most common hereditary diseases in the United States. | Cystic fibrosis |
| abbreviation for Cystic fibrosis | (CF) |
| The most devastating respiratory disease is ________ ________, the uncontrolled growth of abnormal lung cells. | lung cancer |
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