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Biology Category 1

Biochemistry & Cells

TermDefinition
amino acid a carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building blocks of proteins
biochemistry chemistry that deals with chemical compounds and processes occurring in organisms
biomolecule any molecule that is produced by a living organism, including large macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids
carbohydrate an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom
cell the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms
cell membrane the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell
chloroplast double-membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis
cytoplasm semifluid materials inside the cell’s plasma membrane
eukaryotic an organism whose cells have membrane-bound nuclei and organelles
fatty acids a carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group
lipid hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats, oils, and waxes
organelles a structure surrounded by a thin plasma membrane that performs a function in a cell.
Created by: mjjuarez
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