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Ch 6 Less 1, 2 Vocab

BIOLOGY

TermDefinition
somatic cell body cells that make up most of your body tissues and organs
gamete sex cels, ova or eggs, in the female, and spermatozoa, or sperm cells, in the male
homologous chromosomes two chromosomes, one inherited from the mother, one from the father, that have the same length and general appearance
autosome chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of an organism
sex chromosome directly control the development of sexual characteristics
sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes, resulting in offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents
fertilization actual fusion of an egg and a sperm cell
diploid cell has two copies of each chromosome, one copy from the mother, one copy from the father
haploid cell has only one copy of each chromosome
meiosis form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells
gametogenesis production of gametes
sperm cell male gamete, much smaller then the egg that gives the embryo DNA
egg cell much larger then the sperm cell, a female gamete
polar bodies cells with little more than DNA that are eventually broken down
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