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Ch 6 Less 1, 2 Vocab
BIOLOGY
Term | Definition |
---|---|
somatic cell | body cells that make up most of your body tissues and organs |
gamete | sex cels, ova or eggs, in the female, and spermatozoa, or sperm cells, in the male |
homologous chromosomes | two chromosomes, one inherited from the mother, one from the father, that have the same length and general appearance |
autosome | chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of an organism |
sex chromosome | directly control the development of sexual characteristics |
sexual reproduction | involves the fusion of two gametes, resulting in offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents |
fertilization | actual fusion of an egg and a sperm cell |
diploid | cell has two copies of each chromosome, one copy from the mother, one copy from the father |
haploid | cell has only one copy of each chromosome |
meiosis | form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells |
gametogenesis | production of gametes |
sperm cell | male gamete, much smaller then the egg that gives the embryo DNA |
egg cell | much larger then the sperm cell, a female gamete |
polar bodies | cells with little more than DNA that are eventually broken down |