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4.3 - 4.4 Terms
terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes |
| chromosome | in a eukaryotic cell one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| nuclear envelope | the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
| nucleolus | the part of the eukaryotic nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized |
| ribosome | a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis |
| mitochondrion | in eukaryotic cells the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration which produces ATP |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production processing and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
| golgi apparatus | an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. |
| lysome | a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and that buds from the golgi apparatus |
| cytoskeleton | the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments and tubes that plays an essential role in cell movement shape and division |
| microtuble | one of the small tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that compose the cytoskeleton and that plays a role in cell structure and movement |
| microfilament | a fiber found inside eukaryotic cells that is composed mainly of the protein actin and that has a role in cell structure and movement |
| cilium | a hairlike structure arranged in tightly packed rows that projects from the surface of some cells |
| flagellum | a long hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move |
| centriole | an organelle that is composed of two short microtubules at right angles to each other and that has an active role in mitosis |
| cell wall | a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell |
| central vacuole | in some protists and in most plant cells a large fluid-filled organelle that stores water enzymes metabolic wastes and other materials |
| chloroplast | an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment that is present in most cells that gives plants their characteristic green color and that reacts with sunlight carbon dioxide and water to form carbohydrates |
| plastid | an organelle of plant cells that contains specific substances and performs specific functions for the cell: examples include chloroplasts and chromoplasts |
| thylakoid | a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis |
Created by:
faithpreston
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