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Final Review Sem 1
Semester 1 Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main cause of the increasing global temperature? | the increase of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere |
| What are some of the reasons for the increase in CO2 in our atmosphere? | the burning of fossil fuels by cars and industry |
| What is the impact burning or clearing of forests on our overall environment? | causes an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and an increase in the overall temperature |
| How much energy is LOST as it moves from one trophic level to another? | ninety percent |
| When energy is transferred from one trophic level to another, some of the energy is lost. Most of this energy is lost as what? | heat |
| What is the form of energy that cells use to perform cell activities? | ATP |
| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water |
| What is the equation for photosynthesis? | carbon dioxide + water ---> glucose + oxygen |
| When muscle cells do the anaerobic process of fermentation what product is produced? | lactic acid |
| When a cell doesn't have oxygen available - what other process occurs? | fermentation |
| Where are the reactants found in an equation? | on the left side of the arrow |
| What are carbohydrates made up of? | glucose molecules (simple sugars) |
| What are proteins made up of? | amino acids |
| Plants and animals can use the energy released from glucose to make what type of macromolecules? | carbohydrates (starches), proteins, lipids and nucleic acids |
| Energy from the sun can only be used by which type of organism? | producers (autotrophs) |
| Photosynthetic organisms store the energy from the sun in this compound. | glucose |
| What gas is being produced when a plant is doing the process of photosynthesis? | oxygen |
| Examples of renewable/alternative energy sources are: | wind energy and/or water energy |
| What is biodiversity? | the number of different species in an area |
| What is a finite resource? | something that is not renewable |
| How could an increase in the human population disrupt an forest ecosystem? | need more cleared land for homes and farming and this would cause a decrease in the biodiversity of the area |
| A decrease in biodiversity of an area can be caused by what? | pollution, clearing forest areas and invasive species |
| What is a negative effect of the decrease in biodiversity in an area? | the ecosystem becomes less stable and has a more difficult time adapting to change |
| Food webs show the | interconnectedness of all the species in an ecosystem and how a change in one can effect a change in the numbers of another |
| What happens when a population grows beyond its carrying capacity? | the number of organisms will start to decrease |
| What are some limiting factors that help keep a population within check? | food sources, predation, space/shelter and natural disasters |
| A type of seed changes colors only when exposed to a particular environmental factor. Therefore the color of these seeds is due to... | the effect that the light has on the expression of the genes that control color |
| What is cell differentiation? | A nerve cell has certain genes turned on while a skin cell has different genes turned on - leading to differences in structure and function |
| What is a gene? | a specific part of the DNA that codes for a particular trait |
| Why are your eyes a different color than mine even though we both have the gene for eye color? | because the order of your bases is different than mine and that bring over a different sequence of amino acids |
| What would be the mRNA codon for the DNA TAC? | AUG |
| What kind of environmental conditions can cause changes in DNA (mutations)? | chemicals and UV light |
| What causes changes in the genetic combination in the process of meiosis? | crossing over - the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes |
| Changes in DNA can only be passed on to the next generation if they are present in what type of cell? | eggs or sperm |
| How do cells work together? | cells form tissues which form organs |
| What process forms somatic cells - which allow an organism to grow and/or replace worn out or damaged cells? | mitosis |
| Mitosis forms cell that are ___ in their genetic information. | identical |
| The process of water moving from the surface of water to the atmosphere is called... | evaporation |
| The process of water being lost from the plants leaves into the atmosphere is called... | transpiration |
| The nitrogen gas in the atmosphere cannot be used by most organisms. What kind of organism helps turn it into a usable form? | bacteria |
| An organism is what trophic level would have the MOST biomass? | bottom |
| In what trophic level would you find the smallest number of organisms? | top |
Created by:
mckennabiology
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