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Heredity

Fusion Unit 4 Lesson 4

QuestionAnswer
What is heredity? The passing of genetic material from parents to offspring.
What is a gene? Genes are passed from parents to offspring and are found in segments of DNA found in chromosomes. They give instructions for producing a certain characteristic.
What is an allele? One of the alternative forms (different versions) of a gene that governs a trait.
Describe DNA's role in determining traits. DNA is the genetic material that contains genes. Genes contain information about an organism's traits.
What is a trait? Different forms of an organism's characteristics. (example: eye color is a characteristic and blue, brown, or hazel are traits)
What is a dominant allele? An allele expressed over a recessive allele. Dominant alleles are seen.
What is a recessive allele? An allele that is hidden or masked by a dominant allele. Recessive alleles are seen when both alleles are recessive (homozygous).
What is genotype? The combination of alleles inherited from parents. example: GG, Gg, gg
What is phenotype? The physical appearance of an organism with respect to a trait. example: pea pod color - green or yellow
What is heterozygous? When an organism has one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a characteristic. example: Gg
What is homozygous? When an organism has two alleles for a characteristic that are both either dominant or recessive. example: GG or gg
Are all characteristics inherited? No. Some traits may be acquired through learning or interacting with the environment.
How is a dominant allele symbolized? Capital letter.
How is a recessive allele symbolized? Lower case letter.
How many versions or forms of the same gene for each characteristic does an offspring have? 2 - one version from each parent (different versions are called alleles)
Is asexual or sexual reproduction responsible for variety of fur color in a litter of puppies? sexual reproduction
Created by: lmsraiders
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