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Chapter 14
Stack #175452
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lymph | forms when blood plasma filters out of capillaries, bathes the cell body (picking up waste) |
| lymphatic vessel | gathers the fluid and returns it to the blood |
| lymphatic capillaries | capillaries absorb lymph and take it to the lymph venules |
| lacteals | lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine, absorb lipids and takes it to the blood |
| lymphatic venules/veins | take lymph to the lymph ducts, 1 way valves |
| R lymphatic duct | drains the upper quarter of the body into the right subclavian vein |
| thoratic duct | largest, drains the other 3/4 of the body into the left subclavian vein |
| lymphedema | tissue swelling from accumulation of lymph caused by crush injuries |
| elephantiasis | filarial worms get into system and blocks lymph vessels causing swelling |
| lymph nodes | filters out bacteria and cancer cells, helps stop infection. located in neck, armpits, and groin |
| lymphoma | lymphatic tumors, swelling that doesn't hurt |
| thymus | in the mediastinum, behind the sternum, largest at puberty , releases T lymphocytes |
| T lymphocytes | released by thymus |
| thymosin | thymus hormone that develops T-cells |
| tonsils | lymph organs, help protect against bacterial injury |
| spleen | largest lymph organ, upper left organ, removes bacteria in blood and old blood cells (reservoir for blood-holds 1 pint) |
| splenomegaly | spleen enlargement, mononucleolous |
| immune system | defense system made up of organ molecules and cells |
| nonspecific immunity | attacks any irritants, foreign and abnormal substances are attacked. the skin and mucus membranes block entry. the inflammatory response begins and allows for phagomytosis of the red blood cells |
| specific immunity | protects against an individual type of bacteria, virus, or antigen. involves memory and triggers response. (remembers disease) |
| inherited immunity | (inborn) immunity you are born with |
| acquired immunity | something you pick up along the way- you develop it |
| natural acquired immunity | everyday exposure to pathogens due to regular living |
| artificial acquired immunity | deliberate exposure to a pathogen |
| immune system molecules | 100 million molecules to 1 cell. humeoral immunity |
| antibodies | protein molecules formed in response to antigens |
| complement | protein molecules in blood, usually inactive. attach to bacteria causing sodium and water to enter |
| immune system cells | cellular immunity |
| phagocytes | live in liver, spleen, lymph nodes. white blood cells that eat foreign cells, particles, and cell debris. can leave blood and move through tissues |
| lymphocytes | most common immune system cell, responsible for antibody production |
| B-lymphocytes | come from bone marrow, go to lymph nodes and make antibodies. humerol immunity, forms plasma cells, make a lot of antibodies, also forms memory cells that hang out until stimulated the formed plasma |
| T-lymphocytes | found in thymus, go to lymph nodes and kills the cells directly |
| monoclonal antibodies | producing a specific antibody from identical cells in a lab, used against a specific disease |
| interferon | protein produced by T-cells after injection by a virus/interferes with viral reproduction in other cells |
| immune system hypersensitivity | an inappropriate or excessive response |
| allergy | response of immune system to a harmless antigen, 1 in 6 people |
| allergen | causes allergic response |
| histamines | causes symptoms of allergies |
| autoimmunity | immune system attacks itself ex. Lupus |
| isoimmunity | the immune system attacks antigens from other humans ex. pregnancy |
| immunodeficiency | immune system is not working. as a result there is no defense |
| congenital | born with lyphocytes that do not work ex. SCIDS |
| acquired | develops after birth, due to drugs, a virus, trauma, or stress. ex. AIDS |
| immunization | a vaccination produces a primary response of antibody production, a second vaccine or booster produces a response that is faster and stronger. |
| AIDS | caused by HIV virus, hides in the T-cells then destroys them, AZT slows progression of virus |
Created by:
agentm6586
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