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Digestive Lev-1

TermDefinition
nutrients Compounds found in the environment that living organisms need to grow and survive. The 6 types are water, fat, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
digestion A process that breaks down the foods that we eat into molecules small enough to be absorbed (taken in) by cells. It can be mechanical or chemical.
mechanical digestion The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces, by chewing, grinding, mixing.
chemical digestion The process of digesting (breaking down) food into small molecules by enzymes.
enzymes Special chemicals that speed up chemical reactions.
glands The special organs where enzymes are made.
mouth The place where mechanical AND chemical digestion begins. Mechanical: teeth cut and chop food. Chemical: enzymes in saliva start to digest starch.
esophagus The tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach.
stomach The pouch-like muscular organ where food gets mixed with gastric juices and churned into a watery paste. Both mechanical & chemical digestion occur here.
small intestine The organ after the stomach where chemical digestion occurs. Also where nutrients are absorbed into the blood to go to the cells.
large intestine The organ where extra water is removed from the nutrient-free mixture, to be sent back to the body.
rectum The organ where feces is stored before being removed from the body through the anus.
anus The hole at the end of the rectum where food exits the body.
feces The waste material left over after nutrients have been absorbed from food, and the extra water has been absorbed by the large intestine.
carbohydrate A nutrient that is made of simple sugars.
protein A nutrient that is made of amino acids
blood A red liquid that is considered a tissue. It carries nutrients (and other substances) to all the cells of the body
tissues A group of similar cells working together.
organs Special structures in a body made up of tissues. Each has a specific job or jobs.
atom The smallest unit of matter.
molecule It is made of 2 or more atoms held together by bonds.
compound Substance made of lots of the same kind of molecules (not just of single atoms).
bonds The attractions (forces) that hold atoms together to make molecules. They contain energy!
Created by: rhk9
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