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Mitosis and Meiosis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| gene (at a molecular level) | a region of DNA that can make a molecule of RNA |
| chromatid | one of two identical copies of DNA in a chromosome after replication of DNA |
| homologous chromosomes | a pair of chromosomes in the same cell with the same genes. They carry different alleles for any number of genes. |
| diploid | the condition where a cell has two of every chromosome characteristic for its species |
| S-phase | a cell replicates its DNA so that each chromosome carries two copies of DNA |
| prometaphase | the period during mitosis where the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of each chromosome. Chromosomes are moved toward the center of the cell near the end of this phase. |