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Bio
Unit 02-Biochemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This has 2 or more different elements. | compound |
| The term for when there is an attraction between different substances | adhesion |
| What are the building blocks of nucleic acids: | nucleotides |
| Lipids are what type of polarity? | nonpolar |
| List the 5 things that can affect enzyme activity? | temp, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, competitive inhibition |
| What is the general term for the things that are needed to create a chemical reaction. | reactants |
| When there is an unequal distribution of charges, the substance is: | Polar |
| This makes more hydroxide ions when mixed with water. | Bases |
| Give an example of our main energy molecule that is a special type of a nucleotide: | ATP |
| What is the term for when a protein unravels and loses its 3D shape and therefore can’t work. | Denaturation |
| These macromolecules consist of sugars and starches. | Carbohydrates |
| These type of compounds do not have carbon, but have covalent and ionic bonds. | inorganic molecules |
| What is the general term for the things that a chemical reaction creates. | products |
| What is the term for a protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction? | enzyme |
| The smallest unit of matter: | atom |
| The building blocks of proteins are: | amino acids |
| What is the term for the pocket on an enzyme that a substrate binds to? | active site |
| Type of bond that steals or gives away an electron | Ionic bond |
| Describe the building blocks of a phospholipid: | glycerol, phosphate group, and 2 fatty acids |
| Term for the substance that is dissolved: | solute |
| What is the term for the amount of energy that is needed to start a chemical reaction. | Activation energy |
| What is the term for when smaller molecules combine to make a bigger molecule and removes water | dehydration synthesis |
| Type of bond that is in water, is weak, is covalent, but not sharing equally. | Hydrogen bonds |
| Ice has more ________ hydrogen bonds than water because they are spaced out more. | stable |
| List the parts of the atom and their charges: | electron (-), proton (+), neutron |
| The bond between amino acids to make a protein are called? | peptide bonds |
| Describe the 3 steps of the catalytic cycle (enzyme action) | substrate bind, activation energy lowered, enzyme changes shape, products made, products released, active site empty |
| These have a pH of 8-14. | Bases |
| What are the 3 properties of water: | absorbs/stores heat efficiently Bonds to itself and other things Can dissolve substances |
| What are the 2 primary examples of nucleic acids? | DNA and RNA |
| What is the term for then a non-substrate molecule binds to the active site, not letting the correct substrate bind | competitive inhibition |
| The building block (monomer) of carbohydrates are: | monosaccharides |
| These type of compounds have carbon and covalent bonds. | Organic molecules |
| An example in nature of adhesion: | transpiration |
| This is pH of 7 | pure water (distilled water) |
| This only has one type of atom. | element |
| Describe characteristics of saturated fats: | straight, no double bonds, solid at room temp |
| These have a pH of 0-6. | Acids |
| What are the two characteristics that make water so important to cells? | most biochemical processes occur in water the polarity makes things dissolve to transporting in/out of cell is easier |
| List the 3 purposes of lipids: | cell membrane structure, long-term energy, insulation |
| The term for when there is an attraction between the same kind of molecules | cohesion |
| What is the term for all the chemical reactions that occur within an organism. | metabolism |
| The term for things that can react with acids and bases to keep pH with a certain range. | Buffers |
| When a phosphate breaks off ATP is it storing energy or releasing energy? | releasing energy |
| This characteristic of water makes it dissolve other things easily: | polarity |
| this has 2 or more atoms, by covalent bonds. | molecule |
| What are the 4 forms of energy: | light, chemical, mechanical, electrical |
| Describe characteristics of unsaturated fats: | crooked, double bonds, liquid at room temp |
| The purpose of carbohydrates. | Quick energy |
| This makes more hydrogen ions when mixed with water. | Acids |
| What are the 3 purposes of proteins: | structural, enzymes, specialized like antibodies and hemoglobin |
| What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? | a sugar, a phosphate group, a base |
| Type of bond that shares electrons. | Covalent bonds |
| Term for liquid that a substance is dissolved in: | solvent |
| What is the term for when bigger molecules break down into smaller molecules in the presence of water | hydrolysis |
| The building blocks of basic lipids are: | glycerol and 3 fatty acids |
| What does a catalyst do? | Speed up a reaction |
| An atom that has gained or lost an electron is called an: | Ion |
| Water is _________: | Polar |
| An example of cohesion is called _________ | surface tension |
| What is the term for a substance that binds to an active site? | substrate |
| Proteins have what type of shape? | unique 3-D shape |
| What is the process name for making carbohydrates | dehydration synthesis |
Created by:
thompsondk
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