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What is a cell?
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What is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell?
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Cell
The diversity of cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a cell? | the smallest unit that can perform all the functions necessary for life. The fundamental unit of life |
| What is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell? | cell wall |
| What are the two kinds of cells? | prokaryotic cells - cells without a nucleus and eukaryotic cells - Cells that have a nucleus |
| What is unicellular? | living things made up of only one cell |
| What is multicellular? | living things made up of many cells |
| Who was the first person to describe a cell? | Robert Hooke |
| All living things made of ____________. | cells |
| Most organisms are ___________Cells. choose one Single/multicellular | single |
| Who is Anton Van Leeuwenhoek? | made microscope and the first person to see bacteria |
| What are the three parts of the cell theory? | all living things are composed of one or more cells cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells |
| Why are most cells small? | the area of a cell’s surface—compared with the cell’s volume—limits the cell’s size. If a cell gets too large, the cell’s surface area will not be large enough to take in enough nutrients or pump out enough wastes. |
| What are the parts of a cell? | Cell membrane, genetic material, and organelles |
| What is cell membrane? | a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment. |
| What is a fluid inside a cell? | cytoplasm |
| _________is a genetic material that carries information needed to make proteins, new cells, and new organisms | DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DNA is passed from parent cells to new cells and it controls the activities of the cell. True/False | True |
| Where do you find DNA? | in Nucleus |
| What is organells? | one of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function |
| _________was the first person to describe cells. In 1665, he built a microscope to look at a thin slice of cork. | Robert Hooke |
| ________________ is the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus. | cytoplasm |
| What are the parts of cell membrane? | phospholipids, which form a lipid bilayer steroids integral proteins peripheral proteins and molecules attached to these proteins, such as carbohydrates |
| What are the main parts of a cell? | the cell membrane cytoplasm organelles nucleus |
| What are cytoplasm made up of? | various membrane-covered organelles and cytosol. |
| Various membrane-covered organelles include ___________,______________,and ______________________ | the mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum and, the Golgi apparatus. |
| What is Cytosol? | the soluble portion of the cytoplasm |
| What does Cytosol include? | molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with membranes. |
| What is nucleus? | The largest and most visible organelle in a eukaryotic cell and stores the DNA that contains information that tells the cell how to make all of the proteins that control cell function. |
| Explain the cover of the nucleus and its function. | a double membrane, called the nuclear envelope, through which materials can pass. |
| What are the two groups of Prokaryotic cells? | bacteria and archaea |
| Name some of the characteristics of a bacteria. | no cucleus, circular DNA, no membrane covered organelles, have a cell wall outside a cell membrane and a flagellum |
| Name some of the characteristics of a srchaea. | no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, circular DNA and have a cell wall |
| some archaea can live in the boiling water of hot springs and in toxic places such as volcanic vents filled with sulfur. True/False | True |
| Organisms made of eukaryotic cells are called _______________. | eukaryotes |
| What are the difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells? | unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus that holds their DNA and also have membrane-bound organelles. |
| A _______is a small organelle where proteins are made from amino acids and found in most cells. | ribosome |
| All cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. T/F | True |
| Waht is a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis? | ribosome |
| What is a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids? | endoplasmic reticulum |
| in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration, which produces ATP called _________ | mitochondrion |
| a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell called _________ | golgic complex |
| a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell; forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds the materials to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell | vesicle |
| What is a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes? | lysosome |
| What are structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells include? | a cell wall chloroplasts a large vacuole |
| What is cytoskeleton? | a web of proteins in the cytoplasm and made of three types of protein. One protein is a hollow tube. The other two are long, stringy fibers |
| __________ is an organic molecule that contains a carboxyl group and an amino group. It also combine to form proteins, which are the principal components of all cells. | amino acid |
| A mitochondrion is the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy.T/F | True |
| Which of the following are found mainly in animal cells? a. mitochondria b. lysosomes c. ribosomes d. Golgi complexes | b |
| What is the function of a Golgi complex? | package and distribute proteins |
| What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? | Move molecules from one part of the cell to another |
| Cell size is limited by the a. thickness of the cell wall. b. size of the cell’s nucleus. c. cell’s surface area–to-volume ratio. d. amount of cytoplasm in the cell. | c |
| Name three structures that every cell has. | Organelles, cell membrane, and genetic material |
| Give two ways in which archaea are different from bacteria. | Archean have more complex RNA polymerases than Bacteria and have different genetic differences |
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