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DEN 110
Chapters 21.22.23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Focal Spot | small spot on the TUNGSTEN TARGET where the electrons hit |
| Collimator | a lead disc with an opening in the middle that reconstructs the beam and filters out additional weak rays |
| Film Sizes | 0. Child 1. Narrow Anterior Film 2. Adult 3. Long Bite-Wing 4. Occlusal |
| X-ray Film Is Sensitive To? | stray radiation, high temperatures and chemicals |
| Contrast | the difference between the shades of gray |
| Density | the degree of darkness on x-ray (gray scale) |
| What Equals More Energy? | SHORT WAVELENGTH W/ HIGH FREQUENCY = MORE ENERGY |
| Lead Apron/ Thyroid Collar | all patients should receive a lead apron and thyroid collar when being exposed to radiation |
| Primary Radiation | central beam that comes from the x-ray tube head |
| Scatter Radiation | deflected from its path as matter |
| Secondary Radiation | when the primary x-rays strike the patient or contact matter |
| Leakage Radiation | radiation leaks in all directions from the tube head |
| MOST SENSITIVE | Lymphoid, Reproductive cells, bone marrow, intestinal epithelium, thyroid |
| LEAST SENSITIVE | kidney, muscle, nerves |
| LESS SENSITIVE | mature bone, salivary glands, liver |
| MODERATLY SENSITIVE | skin, intestinal track, oral mucosa |
| SENSITIVE | connective tissues, growing bone |
| MPD (Maximum Permissible Dose) | 0.05 SV or 5 rems |
| Latent Period | the period between direct exposure and the development of biological effects |
| Dosimeter Badge | must be worn at all time in the dental office |
| Kilovoltage | the quality or penetrating power of the central beam. the higher the KV the stronger the power. common setting for KV is from 70-90 |
| Miliamperage | the amount or quality of electrons |
| Paralleling Technique | Parallel to the long axis of the tooth |
| Bisecting Technique | used to expose Periapical, bite-wing, and occlusal radiographs |
| Periapical Radiograph | pictures the entire tooth |
| Elongation | Caused by TOO LITTLE ANGULATION |
| Foreshortening | Caused by TOO MUCH ANGULATION |
| Overlapping | incorrect horizontal (mesial or distal) placement |
| Cone Cutting | x-ray beam missed part of the film |
| Clear Film | the film was not exposed to radiation |
| Blurred Image | movement of the patients head or x-ray tube head or from the x-ray moving in the patients mouth |
| Herring Bone Pattern | tire tracks appear when the x-ray film is backward in the patients mouth |
| Light Film | under processed, occurs while exposing film and during processing |
| Dark Film | over developed, occurs when developing solution temperature is to high/low, its to strong or the film was left in the developer for to long |
| Brown Stain | improper/ insuficient rinsing or washing of the film during the processing sequence |
| Streaks On The Film | due to unclean rollers or x-ray rash |
| 65-70 Degrees | ideal temperature for develpoing solution |
| 82-95 Degrees | temperature for the automatic processor |
| Routine X-ray Intervals | 6 months to 12 months |
| Computer Monitor : Human Eye | 200 : 32 |
| Advantages Of Digital | 1. frees up space for storage 2. less radiation to the patient 3. patient can view the x-ray while operator explains 4. immediate results |
| Disadvantages Of Digital | 1. system failures 2. cost and trainging of employees 3. infection control (lack there of) |
| Intensifying Screens | what cassettes are lined with |
| Panoramic Views | entire dentition, nasal orbital areas, alveolar bone and carious lesions |
Created by:
red112409
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