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Biology 7.1 - 7.7 Ex
Biology- Bones and Muscles Chapter 7 Extras
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| why does the adult spine have seven fewer bones than the spine of an infant | because the sacral vertebrae (5 bones) and the coccyx (4 bones) both turn into one bone once an infant becomes and adult |
| how does the two primary substances that compose bone tissue provide the ability to resist both rushing and pulling forces | because ligaments are tissue that join bones to other bones and cartilage is a tough, rubbery connective tissue that cushions the joints between bones |
| how is the process by which fractures are repaired similar to the process by which bones are constructed in the first place | factures are fixed w/ its own cells, and bones are made out of their cells |
| why do muscles in the eyes and larynx have a higher ratio of nerve fibers to muscle cells than do most muscles of the limbs and back | because muscle cells are used for more of a general movement, not a slow, careful movement like those of the eyes |
| how can the arrangement of motor units in a muscle provide the muscle with both dexterity and strenght | the arrangement of muscle cells into motor units allows a much smaller number of nerves to be used than if a separate nerve were required for every muscle cell in a muscle- like when you have a big task your brain activates the larger motor units |
| gastrocnemius -what does it help move | it moves the foot downward |
| hamstrings -what does it help move | they bend the leg at the knee |
| sactorius -what does it help move | lifts the lower leg and turns it inward |
| gluteus maximus -what does it help move | pulls your upper leg downward |
| trapezius -what does it help move | helps in shoulder movements |
| triceps brachii -what does it help move | it extends or straightens the arm |
| rectus abdominus -what does it help move | it helps bend your trunk |
| quadriceps femoris -what does it help move | helps move the legs |
| erector spinae -what does it help move | straightens your back |
| external oblique -what does it help move | gives proper posture |
| biceps brachii -what does it help move | helps move your forearms |
| temporalis and masseter -what does it help move | they help move the jaw |
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