Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Vocabulary 1
Biochemistry/Cells/Photosynthesis/ Respiration
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | Scientific study of all forms of life |
| Biodiversity | variety of life within an area |
| Data | Observations and measurements recorded during an experiment |
| Organism | an individual living thing |
| Homeostasis | regulation and maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism, sometimes called dynamic equilibrium |
| Hypothesis | proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question |
| Independent variable | condition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment |
| Dependent variable | experimental data collected through observation and measurement |
| Experiment | process that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions |
| Metabolism | all chemical processes that synthesize or breakdown materials within an organism |
| Constant | condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment |
| Observation | using the senses to study the world; using tools to collect measurements; examining previous research results. |
| Theory | Proposed explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. |
| Chloroplast | Organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy; contain chlorophyll |
| Cell theory | theory that states that all organisms are made of cells, all cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is the most basic unit of life. |
| Organelle | structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell. |
| Cytoplasm | Jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and in some cells organelles. |
| Cytoskeleton | network of proteins, such as micro tubules and microbial nets, inside eukaryotic cells that supports and shapes cells. |
| Prokaryotic cell | cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. |
| EukaryotIc cells. | Cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| Nucleus | organelle composed of a double membrane that acts as the storehouse for most of the cell's DNA |
| Ribosome | Structure that links amino acids together to form proteins |
| Mitochondrion | bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell , site of cellular respiration |
| Cell Wall | rigid structure that gives protection, support, and shape to cells in plants, algae, fungi and bacteria. |
| Carbohydrate | Molecule made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen;includes sugars and starches. |
| Lipid | Non polar molecules made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, includes fats and oils. Source of energy. |
| Protein | Polymer made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids |
| Nucleic Acids | Polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms; includes DNA and RNA |
| Cellular respiration | Process that makes ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present. |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate ; high energy molecule that contains, within its bonds energy that cells can use. |
| Organic | Biology word for carbon based compounds; includes, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. |
| Glucose | Monosaccharide, product of photosynthesis, carbohydrate. |
| Stomata | Singular stoma; pores in the cuticle of a plant through which gas exchange occurs. |
| Guard cell | One of a pair of cells that controls the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue. |
| Chlorophyll | Light -absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthetic organisms |
| Photosynthesis | Process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbondioxide and water |
| differentiation | Process by which committed cells acquire the structures and functions of highly specialized cells |
| species | Group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| Chloroplast | Organelle made up of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy; contains chlorophyll |
| Diffusion | Movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration |
| Base | Compound that takes up hydrogen ions when dissolved in water; pH of greater than 7.0; |
| Acid | Compound that gives up a proton (H+) when dissolved in water. pH of less than 7.0 |
| Active transport | Movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration; requires energy input by the cell |
| Endocytosis | Uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane |
| Passive transport | Movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input fro the cell. |
| Exocytosis | Release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vehicle with the membrane |
| Amino acid | Molecule that makes up proteins; made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulphur. |
| Cell membrane | Double-layer of phospholipids that form a boundary between a cell and its surrounding environment and controls the movement of substances into and out of a cell. |
| monomer | Molecular subunit of a polymer |
| Polymer | large, carbon-bases molecule formed by monomers |
| Vacuole | organelle that is used to store materials, such as water, food or enzymes that are needed by the cell. |
| Process | a natural phenomenon marked by gradual changes that lead toward a particular result examples photosynthesis, cellular respiration writing, |
| Synthesis | to make |
| Enzyme | a protein that acts as a catalyst for a biological reaction |
| Catalyst | something that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and its not changed during the reaction |
| Chemical Reaction | change substances into different ones by breaking and forming chemical bonds. |
| Activation Energy | the energy required to start a chemical reaction |
| Reactant | Substrate, are changed during a chemical reaction |
| Product | Produced by a chemical reaction |
| Substrate | Substance that is changed during a chemical reaction |
| Active Site | The part of an enzyme where substrates fit and are acted upon |
| Digest | to break down |
| Autotroph | An organism that can produce its own food using light, water carbon dioxide or other chemicals. |
| Heterotroph | An organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients. |
| Producer | Organism that produce food for themselves and other organisms |
| Consumer | Organims that get their energy and nutrients by eating other organisms |
Created by:
Dr. Lamont
Popular Biology sets