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Chapter 7

Biology Unit 3, Chapter 7

TermDefinition
Bimacromolecule Made up of 4 nitrogenous bases
Nitrogenous Bases Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine
Chargaff's Rule % of G = % of C % of A = % of T
Rosalind Franklin Knew DNA was essential Interested in DNA’s structure o Developed technique to X-ray samples of DNA and develop those images on film Images weren’t enough evidence to determine structure
Watson and Crick Trying to determine DNA’s structure using cardboard and wire Franklin’s images gave them the information they needed to determine structure
Double Helix Shape of DNA
DNA Genetic blueprint Giving us directions to make something Everyone’s blueprint is unique Found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells Only time DNA is out of nucleus is during cellular division
Principle of Base Pairing Strands of the double helix help together by bond between bases
A Pairs with T
G Pairs with C
3 million Number of base pairs each individual has
DNA Replication The natural process by which cells make an identical copy of a DNA molecule
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Scientists can artificially replicate DNA to make large quantities by using this
Genome One complete set of genetic instructions encoded in the DNA of an organism
Genes Sections of DNA
Proteins Genes make this
Telomere Hypothesis Causes aging (shortening of DNA)
Y chromosome STR From the STRs used in a forensic investigation, which STRs on these chromosomes would be particularly useful in determining whether crime scene evidence was left by a female or a male?
two strands, each with a mixture of old and new DNA DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because a newly replicated, double-stranded DNA molecules consists of this
DNA Replication Naturally occurring process that PCR mimics in a test tube
Genome The entire sequence of DNA in a cell used for DNA profiling is called the
DNA and proteins Each chromosome contains
Phosphate and sugar In addition to the base, these are the other components of a nucleotide
Nucleus The 46 chromosomes in a human cell from inside the cheek are found here
Created by: zepol2014
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