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Current Ethics

Chapter 3 and 4

TermDefinition
Autonomy the principle of self-determining in a person; the right to participate in and decide on a course of action without undue influence; provides the foundation for a right to privacy and the ability to choose.
Confidentiality That which is entrusted or held in secret; the precept by which information shared by a patient during the course of receiving health care is kept in confidence by the health care provider.
Informed Consent The act of providing information to and ensuring the understanding of a patient regarding treatment risks, treatment options, and the nature of the dissease or problem.
Nonmaleficence the principle that states the duty to avoid harming the patient, summarized in the phrase "do no harm".
Prima Facie Duty Considering only one single moral pronciple, the first principle to act on over another equally compelling principle; the duty that may be primary.
Primum Non Nocere A latin term meaning "first, do no harm".
Principle of the Double Effect Causing some degree of harm to achieve a greater good may be required.
Access to Care A person's ability to travel or even pay for dental/medical care.
Health Disparities Gaps in the quality of health and health care that mirror differences in socioeconomic status, racial and ethnic background.
Social Contract Made between the public and health care professionals, such as dental hygienists and dentists, is the basis of this relationship.
Social Justice Improving quality and bridging the gaps in health care.
Principles of Nonmaleficence 1. Do no harm. 2. Grants privlage of access to body for explict purpose. 3. Protect patient from harm. 4. Preventing and removing harm. 5. Keep skills current and know limitations.
When do we prevent harm? 1. Everyday, All day long 2. Education 3. Fluoride
When do we revmove harm? 1. Scaling 2. Debriding
Application of Non-maleficence 1. May not always be able to avoid harm. 2. Causing some degree of harm to achieve greater good may be required. 3. Known as principle of the double effect. 4. Require provider to consider risks and benefits of treatment.
Application of Non-maleficence: How to decide? 1. One ought not to inflict harm. 2. One ought to prevent harm. 3. One ought to remove harm. 4. One ought to do or promote good.
Principles of Beneficience 1. Requires that existing harm be removed. 2. Focus on doing good for patient. 3. Use all resonable means to benefit patients. 4. Determine best possible outcomes.
Application of Beneficience 1. Promoting good is a daily purpose goal. 2. Failure to increase the good of others is morally wrong.
Principle of Autonomy 1. Chooses own thoughts and actions relevant to his or her needs. 2. Permits people to make decisions about their own health. 3. Must explain fully to patients the consequences of performing.
Created by: daisenmurray
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