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A & P

Unit 1 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Atom Basic unit of matter. Proton +. Neutron =. Electron -.
Element A substance that cannot be split into another substance. Specific atom.
Ionic Bond Bond by transfer of electron.
Covalent Bond Bond by sharing electrons.
Compound Two or more elements together in a single substance.
Molecule Smallest unit of a compound
Organic Carbon based. In living things. (plant)
Inorganic Not carbon based. In non-living things. (rock)
Macromolecule Made by inking subunits together.
Subunit Basic unit of a macromolecule.
Monomer A single subunit.
Polymer A bigger macromolecule. Many subunits together
Carbohydrate Sugars & starches. Short term energy & structure.
Monosaccharide Carbohydrate subunit. Glucose.
Disacchride Lactose.
Polysaccharide Polymer of carbohydrate. Starches.
Lipid Fats. Long tem energy & protective covering. Insoluble in water.
Fatty Acid Subunit of lipids
Saturated Carbon all single bonds. Filled with H. Solid.
Unsaturated Double bonds between carbon. Liquid.
Protein Meats. Structure and function. (enzymes)
Amino Acid Subunit of proteins.
Peptide Bond Bond between amino acids. 20 acids make many combinations.
Polypeptide Polymer of protein. Enzymes.
Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA
Nucleotide Subunit of nucleic acid.
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid. Genetic blueprint.
RNA Ribonucleic acid. Translate genetic code. Structure.
Enzymes A protein with a function. Reacts as a catalyst.
Catalyst Lowers energy of activation. Enters & leaves reaction unchanged.
Substrate Reactant.
Active Site Part of the enzyme that reacts with the substrate
Energy of Activation How much energy a reaction needs to occur. Represented by yield sign. (---->)
Condensation Reaction Forms water. Monomer + monomer ---> Polymer + H2O
Hydrolysis Reaction Polymer + H2O ---> monomer + monomer
Electrolytes releases ions into an aqueous solution
Acid Below 7 pH (7-2). Releases H+ ions into an aqueous solution.
Base Above 7 pH (7-12). Releases OH- ions into an aqueous solution.
pH Scale Acid (2) <---------------neutral (7)-----------------> Base (12)
ATP metabolic energy in biochemical reactions.
Created by: rmcinnis
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