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Pharm Quiz 5
Pharmacology quiz 5 and Ethics Quiz 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name the six central values of dentistry in order | 1 patient's life and general health 2 patients oral health 3 patient's autonomy 4 dentist preferred pattern of practice 5 aesthetic values 6 efficiency in the use of resources |
| what is a melatonin receptor agonist? | zolpidem |
| what is associated with unpleasant taste? | eszopiclone |
| what facilitate GABA mediated transmission? | benzodiazepines |
| what does the combination of benzodiazepines and GABA increase? | the frequency of the chloride channel opening |
| what do benzodiazepines cause at low doses? | anxiety reduction |
| what do benzodiazepines cause at high doses | production of sleep |
| what can be used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose? | flumazenil |
| repeated doses of benzodiazepines can... | decrease REM sleep |
| what few cases have been reported with the use of benzodiazepines? | transient tachycardia |
| what condition can benzodiazepines be used in (eyes) | wide angle glaucoma |
| floppy infant syndrome is characterized by all the following | hypotonia, hypoactivity, apnea and feeding problems |
| if you use benzodiazepine during the first trimester of pregnancy, it may increase the incidence of... | cleft lip and cleft palate |
| what are the dental effects of benzodiazepines? | xerostomia, increased salivation, swollen tongue and bitter metallic taste |
| what can be used in the treatment of epilepsy? | long acting barbiturates |
| what does chronic long term use of barbiturates look like? | alcohol intoxication |
| the mechanism of action for barbiturates is (more/less) specific than that of benzodiazepines? | less specific |
| what has a disagreeable odor and taste but is orally effective | chloral hydrate |
| what can be used to treat trigeminal neuralgia? | baclofen |
| what is nystagmus | fast, uncontrollable rolling of the eye |
| what do the use of benzodiazepines increase the effect of | phenytoning, digoxin and probenecid |
| what drug has an onset of action of one week, does not affect driving skills and has no withdrawal syndrome? | buspirone |
| what are 4 reasons we combine analgesic-sedative drugs? | pain control and sedation needed for same patient sedatives potentiate the activity of analgesics sedatives can create excitation in uncontrolled pain anxiety can lower the pain threshold |
| what are some non pharmacologic ways to manage sleep disorders | get out of bed if you can't sleep after 30 minutes drink a warm glass of milk before bed avoid caffeine before bed do not smoke 8 hrs before bed do not take naps during the daytime have a regular sleep schedule, get up early (6 am) |
| what are 2 cautions when dental patients use anti anxiety drugs | make sure patient has ride to and from the appointment sign all important informed consent papers before administering the drug alcohol and opiod use may increaser the effect |
| benzodiazepines are well absorbed by the... | oral route |
| benzodiazepines are sometimes referred to as... | minor tranquilizers |
| what occurs when the drug is taken after the injection is given | anterograde amnesia |
| what are two drugs in FDA pregnancy category X | triazolam and temezepam |
| what are the visual affects of benzodiazepines? | can produce diplopia, nystagmus and blurred vision |
| what may increase the sedative effects of benzodiazepines? | valproic acid |
| what is a contraindication of the use of barbiturates? | positive family history of porphyria |
| when can chloral hydrate be used? | preoperative sedation of pediatric dental patients |
| benzodiazepines facilitate... | GABA mediated transmission |
| benzodiazepines have anticonvulsant effects, they.... | increase the seizure threshold |
| what refers to amnesia beginning when the drug is taken (occurs after the injection) | anterograde amnesia |
| what is one use of long acting barbiturates? | insomnia treatment |
| when must Zolpidem be taken? | before bed |
| what can small doses of sedative hypnotics cause | reduction of activity and simple anxiety |
| Buspar or buspirone does not affect what? | driving skills |
| the combination of benzodiazepines and GABA does what... | increases the frequency of the Cl channel opening |
| what does REM stand for | rapid eye movement |
| what drugs are associated with anterograde amnesia? | diazepam and midazolam |
| what are the depressants that cause additive effects with benzodiazepines | alcohol, barbiturates, anticonvulsants and phenothizaines |
| which drug is used as a preoperative sedative for pediatric dental patients and has disagreeable odor and taste | chloral hydrate |
| benzodiazepines are also known as | minor tranquilizers |
| what are the visual side effects of benzodiazepines | diplopia, nystagmus |
| what are some dental effects of benzodiazepines | xerostomia, metallic taste, swollen tongue, increased salivation |
| can benzodiazepines be used in the treatment of muscle spasms as in multiple sclerosis or cerebral palsy? | YES |
| what can cause acute poisoning when taken 15 times the hypnotic dose? | barbiturates |
| Dantrolene is used orally to prevent and IV to treat malignant hyperthermia brought on by inhaling general anesthetics (TRUE OR FALSE) | TRUE |
| repeated doses of benzodiazepines can reduce what kind of sleep | REM |
| benzodiazepines are contra indicated in what kind of eye condition | narrow angle glaucoma |
| most benzodiazepines are in FDA category... | D |
| what are the uses of benzodiazepines? | dental anxiety, insomnia, epileptic seizures |
| what were the original sedative hypnotic called/ | barbiturates |
| parallax may discolor the urine... | purple |
| what is a barbiturate that is used for the treatment of epilepsy? | phenobarbitol |
| smoking decreases the effectiveness of... | benzodiazepines |
| which centrally acting muscle relaxants is considered to be the strongest? | flexeril |
| a sedative does... | relaxes |
| a hypnotic does.. | maintains sleep |
| buspirone does not produce... | withdrawal symptoms, affect driving skills, does not produce tolerance or dependence |
| what are major tranquilizers known for... | antipsychotic activity |
| what are the parenteral benzodiazepines that can be used prior to dental treatment? | dizepam, midazolam, lorazepam |
| what does GABA stand for? | gamma amino butyric acid |
| what has the longest half life as well as the side effect of dysgeusia? | eszopicline |
| what is a contraindication of the use of barbiturates? | intermittent porphyria |
| what is latency? | the time it takes to get to sleep |
Created by:
Chobchi
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