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Biology
Chapters 1-6 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell wall (description) | contains cellulose or chitin |
| Cell wall (function) | outer layer, regulates what passes in and out of cell |
| Nucleus (description) | surrounded by double membrane, contains chromosomes |
| Nucleus (function) | control center of cell, directs protein synthesis |
| Endoplasmic reticulum [ER] (description) | network of internal membrane |
| Endoplasmic reticulum [ER] (function) | forms compartments and vesicles, synthesis and modification of proteins an lipids |
| Rough ER (description) | contains ribosomes |
| Rough ER (function) | protein synthesis |
| Nucleolus (description) | site of genes for rRNA synthesis |
| Nucleolus (function) | assembles ribosomes |
| Smooth ER (description) | lacks ribosomes |
| Smooth ER (function) | synthesis of lipids |
| Golgi apparatus (description) | stacks of flattened vesicles |
| Golgi apparatus (function) | packages proteins for export, forms secretory vesicles |
| Vesicle (description) | membrane-bound sac |
| Vesicle (function) | stores and transports substances |
| Lysosome(description) | contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes |
| Lysosome (function) | digests macromolecules and cell debris |
| Peroxisome (description) | contains oxidative and other enzymes |
| Peroxisome (function) | breaks down fatty acids |
| Central vacuole (description) | large membrane-bound sac in plants |
| Central vacuole (function) | storage compartment for water, sugars, ions, and pigments |
| Mitochondrion (description) | bacteria-like element with double membrane |
| Mitochondrion (function) | carries out cellular respiration, produces ATP |
| Chloroplast (description) | bacteria-like element found in plants |
| Chloroplast (function) | site of photosynthesis |
| Cytoskeleton (description) | network of protein filaments |
| Cytoskeleton (function) | structural support, cell movement |
| Cilia and flagella (description) | 9+2 pattern of microtubules |
| Cilia and flagella (function) | motility |
| Centrioles (description) | occur in pairs, composed of microtubules |
| Centrioles (function) | anchor and assemble microtubules |
Created by:
David55900
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