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Anatomy 2
AG 502 Anatomy 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| occipital lobe | vision; integrating primary vision with other senses |
| insular lobe | visceral functions, integrates autonomic info, motormemory |
| limbic system | motivation, sex drive, emotional behaviour, memory, affect |
| hypothalamus | homeostasis |
| hippocampal formation | memory (Alzheimer's) |
| amygdala | emotions and drives |
| basal ganglia | motor learning, control of motor skills |
| commissural fibres | between hemispheres ex: corpus callosum |
| association fibres | within a hemisphere ex: arcuate fasiculus |
| projection fibres | between cerebrum and neuroaxis ex: uncuate fasiculus |
| internal capsule | very important projection fibres |
| thalamus | major sensory relay center, adds emotion to sensations; arousal, attention, sleep/wake cycles;all senses except smell stop here on the way to conscious awareness |
| mamillary bodies | important for memory, easily damaged by alcohol |
| pineal body | gonad development, produces melatonin |
| hypothalamus | control center for autonomic NS, links NS to endocrine system |
| subthalamus | relay station in sensory motor control of voluntary movements |
| reticular formation | alertness, focus attention, monitors input to thalamus |
| superior colliculi | vision; visual reflexes |
| inferior colliculi | auditory; auditory reflexes |
| substantia nigra | produces dopamine; damage here = Parkinson's |
| oculomotor nerve | (m) lift the eyelid/control position of eyeball; pupil constriction |
| basilar pons | relay between cortex and cerebellum; forms peduncles |
| posterior pons | CN nuclei for trochlear(m), trigeminal(s/m), abducens(m) |
| trochlear nerve | (m)moves eyeball down and out |
| trigeminal nerve | (s)face, scalp, teeth, front 2/3 of tongue, soft palate (m)mandibular area |
| abducens nerve | (m)moves eyeball inward |
| facial nerve | (m)to striated muscles of facial expression(s)glands, taste buds, external ear & tympanic membrane |
| vestibulocochlear nerve | (s)hearing and balance |
| cerebellum | monitors skilled motor behaviour; corrects mismatches in muscle coordination |
| archicerebellum | sense body position; balance |
| paleocerebellum | posture; gross movement of limbs |
| neocerebellum | precision of force, direction and extent of voluntary movements |
| peduncles | carry fibres from one place to another |
| olives | (gray matter) info about where body parts are in relation to themselves |
| pyramidal decussation | 80 - 85% of fibres cross over here |
| glossopharyngeal nerve | (s)back 1/3 of tongue, tonsils, middle ear |
| vagus nerve | (m)laryngeal muscles, smooth muscles(s)throat & ear, soft palate |
| accessory nerve | (m)trapezius and sternocleidomastoid |
| hypglossal nerve | (m)muscles of the tongue |
| phrenic nerve | innervates the diaphragm (m) and (s) |
| brachial plexus | C5 - T1 muscles and skin of chest and upper limbs |
| lumbarsacral plexus | trunk and lower limbs |
| receptors | detect and respond to changes in internal and external environment |
| exteroreceptors | mediate sight/sound/smell/balance/touch |
| proprioreceptors | deep body sensation; our body parts in relation to space and each other |
| 2-point discrimination | "tell me when you feel two pricks" |
| stereognosis | ability to recognize object through touch alone |
| reflex | behaviour that is not cortically mediated |
| cortical override | consciously controlling reflexes |
| corticobulbar tracts | from the cortex to the brain stem & vice-versa |
| cervical plexus | C1, C2, C3, C4 |
Created by:
Aureole
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