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Chapter 1 Vocab

Biology 1

TermDefinition
Biosphere All organisms and the part of Earth where they exist
Biodiversity The variety of life found on Earth
Species A particular type of living thing that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves
Organism Any individual living thing
Cell The basic unit of life
Metabolism All of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials
System Any organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole
Ecosystem A physical environment with different species
Homeostasis The maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism
Evolution The change in the genetic make up of a population or species over time
Adaptation An inherited trait that gives an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations
Observation Using our senses and tools that are available to us to better understand our world
Data Observations that are recorded and can then be analyzed
Hypothesis A proposed answer for a scientific question. Must be both specific & testable
Experiment A procedure in which scientists study independent & dependent variables to find cause-and-effect relationships
Independent Variable A condition that is manipulated (changed) by a scientist during an experiment
Dependent Variable Observed and measured during an experiment; changes based on changes in independent variable
Constants Conditions that do not change during an experiment
Non-Significant Data The data show no effect, or an effect so small that the results could have happened by chance
Statistically-Significant Data The data show an effect that is likely not due to chance
Theory A proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results that is supported by a wide range of evidence
Microscope A device that provides an enlarged image of an object
SEM Scans the surface of a specimen with a beam of electrons
TEM Transmits electrons through a thin slice of a specimen
Medical Imaging Imaging technology utilized in the medical field
Gene A segment of DNA that stores genetic information
Molecular Genetics The study & manipulation of DNA on a molecular level
Genomics The study & comparison of genomes both within & across species
Biotechnology The use and application of living things and biological processes
Transgenic Organisms Organisms that have genes from more than one species, or have altered copies of their own genes
Created by: O'Toole
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