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Phonolog Disord 2

AG 511 Assessment 1

QuestionAnswer
early representational 1.5 - 4 years oldconsistent error patternschild's production shows relationship to adult targetphonological processes
4 common systematic error patterns 1. final consonant deletion2. cluster reduction3. stopping of affricates4. vowelization of final [l]
order of acquistion of vowels 1. corner vowels2. lax vowels3. mid-front section
age of customary usage age when 50% of children tested produced the sound correctly in 2/3 word positions
age of mastery age at which 75% (or 90 or 100%) of children studied produced the sound correctly in all word positions
phonotactic/sequential constraints restrictions on the occurrence of sounds or categories of sounds in different word/syllable positions
pre-representational the first 50 words10 - 24 monthssingle, whole word utterancesselectivityphonological idiomsends with a systematic reorganization into a more compact system
why attempt clinical assessment of prelinguistic vocalizations? 1. predict later language development2. aid in selecting appropriate target words for late talkers
true word 1. repeated in plausible context2. must be spontaneous3. not limited to one specific context4. similar to adult's form5. stable production in all contexts
phonetic variability unstable pronounciations
holophrastic period one word = complete idea
prosodic features rhythm of language occurs across segments and influences what we say
contoid a consonant-like production
pre-linguistic stages BIRTH TO 12 MONTHS1. reflexive crying and vegetative sounds2. cooing and laughing3. vocal play4. canonical babbling5. jargon stage
4 stages of language acquisition 0 - 12 mos 1. prelinguistic1 - 2 yrs 2. prerepresentational 3. representational1.5 - 4 yrs a) early4 - 7 yrs b) later7 - 11 yrs 4. concrete
perceptual constancy the ability to identify the same sound across different speakers, pitches & other changing environmental conditions
loss of discrimination ability occurs 10 to 12 months
phonological development the acquisition of speech sound form and function within a language system
pre-linguistic behaviour all vocalizations prior to the first actual words
4 phonetic categories used to describe consonants 1. organ of articulation2. place of articulation3. manner of articulation4. voicing
why are articulation impairments called phonetic disorders disturbance in the peripheral speech motor processes causes sounds to be different from normal
why are phonological disorders called phonemic problems? incorrect understanding and organization of phonemes leads to an inadequate phoneme system
phonetics the study of speech and speech sounds
articulation the entire motor processes involved in the planning and execution of sequences of overlapping gestures that result in speech
articulation disorders difficulties with the motor production aspects of speech
articulatory speech production - how speech sounds are formed
acoustic study of speech transmission
auditory how we perceive sounds
phonemes the smallest linguistic unit that is able, (when combined with other such units), to establish word meanings and distinguish between them ex: /s/
speech sounds represent physical sound realities; end products of articulatory motor processesex: [s]
phonology pertains to the description of the systems and patterns of phonemes that occur in a language; the study of how phonemes are organized and function in communication
phonological disorder an impaired system of phonemes and patterns within spoken language - reflects a language deficiency
Created by: Aureole
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