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USMLE
New FA Micro 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| yeast that causes diffuse interstitial pneumonia | pneumocystis cainii |
| how do you diagnose PCP? | lung biopsy or lavage |
| methenamine silver stain of lung tissue identifies what? | pneumocystis carinii |
| treatmetn for PCP? | TMP-SMX, pentamidine, dapsone |
| dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation | sporothrix schenckii |
| cigar-shaped budding yeast visible in pus | sporothrix schenckii |
| treatment for sporothrix schenckii? | itraconazole or potassium iodide |
| bloody diarrhea, liver abscess, RUQ pain? | entamoeba histolytica |
| severe diarrhea in AIDS, mild disease (watery diarrhea) in non-HIV | cryptosporidium |
| brain abscess in HIV, brain defects (ring-enhancing lesions) | toxoplasma |
| foul smelling, greenish discharge; itching and burning | trichomonas vaginalis |
| dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus | trypanosoma cruzi (Chags' disease) |
| African sleepign sickness | trypanosoma gambinse, rhodesiense |
| visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) | leishmania donovani |
| rapidly fatal menigoencephalitis; swimming in freshwater lakes | naegleria |
| appears as maltese cross on blood smear | babesia |
| trophozoites on wet mount | trichomonas vaginalis |
| cysts on acid-fast stain | cryptosporidium |
| trophozoites or cysts in stool (2) | giardia, entamoeba |
| transmission of entamoeba, giradia, cryptosporidium? | cysts in water |
| transmission of toxoplasma? | cysts in meat or cat feces |
| transmission of babesia? | ixodes tick |
| transmission of leishmania? | sandfly |
| transmission of african sleeping sickness? | tsetse fly |
| undercooked pork tapeworm; larvae cause mass lesions in brain, cysticercosis | taenia solium (tapeworm/cestode) |
| eggs in dog feces when ingested can cause cysts in liver; causes anaphylaxis if antigens are released from cysts | echinococcus granulosus (cestode/tapeworm) |
| snails are host; cercariae penetrate skin of humans; causes granulomas, fibrosis, and inflammation of the spleen and liver | schistosoma (trematode/fluke) |
| undercooked fish; causes inflammation of the biliary tract | clonorchis sinensis (trematode/fluke) |
| undercooked crab meat; causes inflammation and secondary bacterial infection of the lung | paragonimus westermani (trematode/fluke) |
| larvae penetrate skin of feet; intestinal infection can cause anemia | ancylostoma duodenale (hookworm) |
| eggs are visible in feces; intestinal infection | asarcis lumbicoides (giant roundworm) |
| food contaminated with eggs; intestinal infection; causes anal pruritis | enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) |
| larvae in soil penetrate the skin; intestinal infection | strongyloides stercoralis |
| undercooked meat, usually pork; inflammation of muscle, periorbital edema | trichinella spiralis |
| in drinking water; skin inflammation and ulceration | dracunculus medinensis |
| transmitted by deer fly; causes swelling in skin (can see worm crawling in conjuctiva) | loa loa |
| transmitted by female blackflies; causes river blindness | onchocera volvulus |
| food contaminated with eggs; causes granulomas (if in retina leads to blindness) and visceral larva migrans | toxocara canis |
| female mosquito; causes blockage of lymphatic vessels (elephantiasis) | wuchereria bancrofti |
| parasite: brain cysts, seizures | taenia solium |
| parasite: liver cysts | echinococcus granulosus |
| parasite: B12 deficiency | diphyllobothrium latum |
| parasite: biliary tract disease | clonorchis sinensis |
| parasite: hemoptysis | paragonimus westermani |
| parasite: portal hypertension | schistosoma mansoni |
| parasite: hematuria, bladder cancer | schistosoma haematobium |
| parasite: microcytic anemia | ancylostoma, necator |
| parasite: perianal pruritis | enterobius |
| outbreaks after cleaning chicken coops or exploring caves | histoplasmosis |
| what type of fungus is cryptococcus? | yeast, not dimorphic |
| cauliflower skin lesions; broad based budding yeasts | blastomyces |
| how do you diagnose trichinella? | muscle biopsy |
| RMSF-type symptoms plus berry-like clusters (morulae) inside neutrophils? | anaplsma phagocytophilium |
| what causes human granulocytic erlichiosis? | anaplasma phagocytophilium |
| asarcis lumbricoides, clonorchis seinensis, and fascida hepatica can all cause what? | bacterial cholangitis |
| what types of milaria have dormant forms? | p. vivax and p. ovale |
| species of malaria that can cause severe (cerebral) disease? | p. falciparum |
| malaria drug to prevent relapse caused by p. vivax, p. ovale? | primaquine |
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Asclepius
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