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Carp115KeystoneVoc1
Carp115KeystoneVocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| non-living parts of the environment such as air, water, sunlight | abiotic |
| The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy | active transport |
| Nitrogenous base that matches with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA | adenine |
| A version of a gene due to a variation in the nucleotide sequence | allele |
| The building blocks of proteins | amino acid |
| Production of ammonia due to decomposition by bacteria | ammonification |
| Structures in different organisms that have the same function but are different in form and inheritance | analogous structure |
| How often an allele occurs in a population | allele frequency |
| associated with water | aquatic |
| the movement of abiotic factors such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and water between the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem | biogeochemical cycles |
| the similar ecosystems of a large geographical area with species adapted to the environment | biome |
| the ecosystem of the planet, made up of all the biomes | biosphere |
| a living or once-living thing in the environment | biotic |
| a single piece of DNA, made up of genes | chromosome |
| The populations of different species that inhabit a particular area | community |
| when two organisms or species demand the same limited resources | competition |
| an organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms | consumer |
| an organism that gets its energy by breaking down dead or decaying matter, making nutrients available for other organisms | decomposer |
| The macromolecule that stores genetic information in living things | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| the process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself | DNA Replication |
| the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment | ecology |
| the community of living organisms and nonliving elements of an area | ecosystem |
| a species living in the area where it orginated | endemic species |
| an organism made of one or more complex cells with DNA contained in a nucleus and specialized organelles | eukaryote |
| the change in allele frequencies over time that results in new species developing from existing species | evolution |
| a model that shows the flow of energy from one organism to another | food chain |
| a model of interrelated food chains that shows the flow of energy between organisms | food web |
| the preserved remains and traces of organisms that once lived on Earth | fossils |
| the decrease in genetic variation when a population arises from a small number of individuals | founder effect |
| specialized cells used in reproduction; sperm and egg cells | gametes |
| a sequence of nucleotides on a stretch of DNA that contains the information needed to make a protein | gene |
| the process through which the information in a gene is used to produce a protein or RNA | gene expression |
| a change in allele frequency in a population due to chance events | genetic drift |
| the combination of alleles for a particular gene | genotype |
| an area within an ecosystem that provides an organism with the resources it needs to survive | habitat |
| a similar structures in different organisms that are the result of inheritance from a common ancestor | homologous structures |
| the expression of a trait | phenotype |
| has ribosomes attached to it; is involved in the production of proteins and transports materials for inside and outside the cell | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| is involved in the production of lipids and hormones | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| a model that shows the amount of energy stored in the bodies of organisms at different trophic levels of an ecosystem | energy pyramid |
| the temperature at which a liquid changes phases to become a solid | freezing point |
| an organelle in eukaryotic cells that processed materials for release from the cell | Golgi apparatus Golgi complex |
| not allowing the passage of a substance | impermeable |
| organic macromolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and relatively little oxygen that are insoluble in water | lipids |
| large, complex molecules made of chains of smaller molecules | macromolecules |
| the process of cell division that produces gametes | meiosis |
| organelle where energy transformation takes place | mitochondria |
| small, building block molecules that combine through chemical reactions to form large polymers | monomers |
| biological macromolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus that convey genetic information | nucleic acids |
| a membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains genetic material | nucleus |
| a specialized part of a cell with a specific function | organelle |
| molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen that make up all forms of life | organic compounds |
| a phospholipid bilayer that encloses a cell to separate it from its environment | plasma membrane |
| cellular structure that controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell | plasma membrane |
| another name for the plasma membrane | cell membrane |
| a trait determined by many different genes | polygenic traits |
| a unicellular organism lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles | prokaryote |
| a macromolecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen that performs structural and regulatory functions for cells | protein |
| a cellular structure made of proteins and RNA where proteins synthesis takes place | ribosome |
| the process by which a double strand of DNA separates and each strand serves as a template for replication | semi-conservative replication |
| the amount of heat energy needed to increase the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree Celsius | specific heat |
| associated with land | terrestrial |
| a chromosome alteration in which genes are moved or exchanged between chromosomes | translocation |
| a protein in the plasma membrane that is involved in the movement of molecules and ions into and out of the cell | transport protein |
| the position of an organism in a food web or chain | trophic level |
| made up of a single cell | unicellular |
| a structure that has lost its original function but suggests common ancestry | vestigial structure |
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