click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Apologia Bio Mod 7
Definitions for Apologia Biology - Module #7 (2nd Edition)
Term | Definition |
---|---|
genetics | the science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring |
genetic factors | the general guideline of traits determined by a person's DNA |
environmental factors | those "nonbiological" factors that are involved in a person's surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices |
spiritual factors | the factors in a person's life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God |
gene | a section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a trait |
messenger RNA | the RNA that performs transcription |
anticodon | a three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA |
codon | a sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific type of amino acid |
chromosome | DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the cell |
mitosis | a process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells |
interphase | the time interval between cellular reproduction |
centromere | the region that joins two sister chromatids |
mother cell | a cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles |
karyotype | the figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs |
diploid cell | a cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs |
haploid cell | a cell that thaw only one representative of each chromosome pair |
diploid number (2n) | the total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell |
haploid number (n) | the number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell |
meiosis | the process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n) |
gametes | haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction |
virus | a non-cellular agent that has two characteristics: (1) it has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat, (2) it cannot reproduce on its own. |
antibodies | specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents |
vaccine | a weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen |