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Apologia Bio Mod 5
Definitions for Apologia Biology - Module #5 (2nd Edition)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| model | an explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen |
| element | a collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons |
| molecules | chemicals that result from atoms linking together |
| physical change | a change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance |
| chemical change | a change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance |
| phase | one of three forms - solid, liquid, or gas - which every substance is capable of attaining |
| diffusion | the random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| concentration | a measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent |
| semipermeable membrane | a membrane that allows some molecules to pass thorough but does not allow other molecules to pass through |
| osmosis | the tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration |
| catalyst | a substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process |
| organic molecule | a molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorus |
| biosynthesis | the process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones |
| isomers | two different molecules that have the same chemical formula |
| monosaccharides | simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms |
| disaccharides | carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides |
| polysaccharides | carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides |
| dehydration reaction | a chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water |
| hydrolysis | breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water |
| hydrophobic | lacking any affinity to water |
| saturated fat | a lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms |
| unsaturated fat | a lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms |
| peptide bond | a bond that links amino acids together in a protein |
| hydrogen bond | a strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) in specific molecules |
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SweetPeaMcD
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