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Chapter 33
dental materials
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biting Force | 130-170 on the molars and 40 on the anterior |
| Tensile Stress | pulls and stretches a material. tends to be elongated. Ductility is the ability of the material to withstand THIS stress |
| Compressive Stress | pushes or compresses a material. Malleability is the ability of a material to withstand THIS stress |
| Shearing stress | the back and fourth movement of a material. example is bruxism or grinding of the teeth |
| Corrosion | result of chemical or electrochemical attacks by the oral environment on pure metal such as gold or amalgam |
| Tarnish | like corrosion, is when metals become dull and discolored |
| Galvanism | when two different metals are present in the mouth. the is a chance of creating small electrical shocks like biting on aluminum foil with a restoration |
| Micro leakage | when saliva and debris from the oral cavity seep between the tooth structure and the restorative material causing decay and sensitivity |
| bonding agents | used to bond the dentin and enamel with restorative materials. also known as adhesives and resins they are low viscosity resins |
| Thermal conductivity | the ability of a material to transmit heat |
| Thermal expansion | the expanding or contraction of the dental material from heat. they have to fit in te restoration |
| viscosity | the ability of liquid to flow. the thicker the material the less it flows. the thinner the material the faster it flow. |
| wettability | the ability of a material to flow over the surface of a tooth. low contact angle is good. high contact angle is poor wetting of the solid |
| Temporary luting cement | short term cementing agent |
| Luting | bonding or cementing together |
| Linear | material placed in a thin layer on the walls and floor of the cavity preparation. protects the pulp for bacteria and irritents |
| palliative effect | also known as sedative is the soothing effect that a material may have on a tooth, can relieve pain but doesn't cure problem |
| direct pulp capping | a treatment to save the pulp if the pulp is exposed |
| cavity liners | placed in the deepest portion of the cavity prep on the axil and pupal walls. forms a cement liner w/ minimal strength, placed on dentin or exposed pulp |
| types of liners (low strength bases) | calcium hydroxide, zoe, glass ionomer |
| Line angle | lines are formed when two surfaces meet. named according to the meeting surfaces |
| Point angle | in the corners of the cavity prep, three lines (surfaces) come together. named according to the meeting surfaces |
| Cement bases | mixed into a thick putty, placed in the cavity prep to protect the pulp & mechanical support for the restoration. used to raise the floor level to ideal height |
| Types of bases (high strength bases) | glass & hybrid ionomers, reinforced zoe, zinc phosphate and polycarboxylate |
| Debridement | the spraying or rinsing of the cavity prep to remove debris |
| Ideal Level | doesn't invole pulp, goes through the enamel and just into the dentin. large enough to retain a restoration |
| Near Exposure | a large amount of enamel and dentin being removed but the pulp is not exposed. the floor might be slightly pink due to proximity of the pulp |
| Restorative/Operative dentistry | when a tooth needs to be restored using various materials and techniques |
| reasons for rstorations | loss of tooth structure, preventing reoccurring decay, restoring contour of tooth restoring function and appeaence |
| Cavity Varnish | used to seal the dentin tubules that are exposed during a amalgam cavity prep. placed on the surface of the dentin only |
| Calcium Hydroxide | low strength base or liner under the restoration. therapeutic effect on the pulp and has antibacterial properties |
| Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) | type 1 is not as strong used for temporary restorations. Type 2 called IRM and is placed in the mouth and lasts up to a year |
| Zinc Phosphate | permanent cementation of crowns, inlays, onlays, bridges, bands & brackets, and is also an insulating base |
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