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DEN 112
Radiology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Less Sensitive | Mature Bone, Salivary Glands, Liver |
| No. 0 | Child Size |
| Partial Image | The film is the result of film placement in the processing tanks when he solution levels are low |
| Fogged Film | Have a gray appearance, image detail is lost, & contrast is lessened |
| Film Artifacts | Images found on the x-ray other than normal anatomy & pathology |
| Dark Film | Can be caused by overdeveloping, the developing solution temperature being too high, the developing solution being too strong, or the film being left in the developer too long |
| Cephalometic Radiography/Specialty | (head measurement) are used to assess the patient's skeletal structure & profile mainly by orthodontics in treatment planning for their patients |
| Advantages of using digital radiography | -Less exposure to radiation for the patient -Results appear on the computer monitor almost immediately after exposure to x-rays -Patients can view images when the dentist is discussing areas of concern -Digital images are stored on computer media, |
| Advantages of using digital radiography part 2 | -Darkroom, processing equipment, & solution are eliminated, thereby, eliminating maintenance of that equipment & the need to deal w/ storage of used chemical -Digital images are quickly & easily sent via email attachment to other dental offices, insuran |
| Digital Data Files | Sent to insurance, other offices |
| Vertical Bitewings | Requested by the periodontist as well as the general dentist w/ the increase in periodontal disease, are requiring bite-wing radiography that show more of the root area. Can be used in both the posterior & anterior areas |
| Lead Diaphragms | Collimator-is a lead disc w/ an opening in the middle that restructures the beam & filters out additional weak rays |
| Latent Period | Period between direct exposure & the development of the biological effects |
| Hydroquinone | Chemical used in development of radiography; a reducing agent use to blacken exposed silver halide crystals |
| Large Crystals Emulsions | Crystal size in the emulsion regulates the speed of the film. The larger the film the faster the film. In-Sight requires 60% less exposure time. F-speed film |
| Daylight Loader | Processors can be placed wherever they are convenient to use |
| Overlapping | Caused by incorrect horizontal angulation, when. The cone is angled toward the mesial or the distal surfaces of the teeth instead of the interproximal areas |
| Foreshortening | Vertical angulation error. Caused by too much angulation |
| Kilo voltage | Determines the quality or penetrating power of the central beam. The higher the KV the greater the penetration power of the x-rays & the less exposure time required. |
| Duplicate Radiography | Dental x-rays can be duplicated so that the originals never leave the office. Needs to be send to specialists |
| Inventor of X-rays | Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen |
| MPD/ Worker-(maximum permissible dose) | Dose limit of occupational exposure to be at 0.05Sv (5.0 rems) per yr |
| Elongation | Vertical angulation error, caused by too little angulation |
| Labial Mounting | Film pack placed w/ raised dot is toward the x-ray tube (toward PID) |
| Occlusal Radiograph | Show a large area of thru dental arch. Used w/ children when periapicals are difficult to expose & w/ patients who have difficult opening the mouth or controlling muscular movement. |
| Bisecting Angle | Perpendicular to the bisecting line |
| Light film image | To be under processed, developing time was too short. |
| Herringbone Pattern | Placing the film in the mouth backward or reversed causes the film to be light and a tire track appears |
| Contrast | Is the difference between shades of gray. Densities of adjacent areas on a film |
| Periapical Radiographs | Pictures the entire tooth & surrounding area. Used to assess the health of the teeth, bone,& erupting stages |
| Insight | Dental Film is an F-speed film that reduces radiation exposure up to 60% |
| Film Sensitive | Stray Radiation, high temperature high or low, & chemicals |
| Disadvantages of Digital Radiographs | -Initial Expense of Equipment & software -Extra time is required to be proficient in hardware and software -Learning cure in diagnosing & reading Digital -Sensors are usually Thicker -Rapid vastly updating , computer virus, and system failure -Infect |
| Cone Cutting | Means that the x-ray beam missed part of the film, causing the film to be only partially exposed |
| Brown Staining | Film are usually caused by improper or insufficient washing/rinsing of the film during the processing sequence |
| Extra oral Cassettes liners | Intensifying screens |
| Digital/Image Sensor Sizes | 0,1,2,4. Some of the sensors are thick, bulky, Rigid while others are thin and flexible. |
| Panoramic Radiography | Take a radiography that shows the entire maxilla & mandible on one film |
| Bite-wing Radiography | Picture the crown, the interproximal spaces & the crest area of the alveolar bone of both the mandibular teeth. Only on posterior teeth, are used to detect caries, faulty restorations, & calculus, and to examine the crystal area of the alveolar bone |
| Milliampearage (mA) | Determines the amount or quantity of electrons. Mill (1/1000) amperage is a measurement unit for electrical current |
| More Energy | Short wavelength; high frequency |
| Shades of Gray Monitor and Human Eyes | Monitor-over 200 shades of gray Eyes- around 32 shades of gray |
| X-ray machine A conventional x-ray machine is used w/ digital radiograph | 70KV |
| Density | Is the degree of darkness |
| Hittlorf-Crookes Tube | Cathode ray tube |
| Blurred Image | Result from movement of the patients head or tube head or from the x-ray film moving in the patients mouth |
| Streaks on film | May result from unclean rollers when using automatic processors or from unclean x-ray racks |
| Lingual Mounting | Depressed dot (concave) dot away from operator |
| Focal Trough | Image layer or sharpness |
| Primary radiation | Central beam that comes from the x-ray tube head. |
| Secondary radiation | When primary x-ray strike the patient or contact matter (any substance) |
| Scatter radiation | Deflection from its path as it strikes matter. |
| Leakage radiation | Escapes in all directions from the tube or tube head |
| Control panel | Where the circuit boards and controls that allow the operator to adjust the correct setting for each patient are located |
| Most Sensitive | Lymphoid, Reproductive Cells, Bone Marrow, Intestinal Epithelium, Thyroid |
| Moderate Sensitive | Skin, Intestinal Tract, Oral Mucosa |
| Sensitive | Connective Tissue, Growing Bone |
| No. 1 | Narrow Size |
| No. 2 | Adult Size |
| No. 3 | Long bite-wing size |
| No. 4 | Occlusal Size |
| Double Exposure | Results in indistinct images or dark x-rays. Examine the film closely and two images can be seen. |
| Clear film | No image on the film, film may not have been exposed. |
| 3-D imaging | Immediate 3-D reconstruction of a patient's mouth, face and jaw areas including candles and surrounding structure. |
| Hand-held Intraoral radiography | Another new technology, machines are battery operated |
| Automatic processing temps | Between 82F and 95F |
| What is digital imaging | |
| Periapical film over occlusal or incisal edge | |
| Paralleling technique | |
| Bisecting- central beam | |
| Principal of panoramic radiagraphy |
Created by:
emontiel2010
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