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Vocab List 3 Honors
Macromolecules Honors
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Monomer | single unit |
| Polymer | many small unit monomers joined together |
| Macromolecule | large compounds built by smaller subunits |
| Polymerization | monomers joining to form polymers |
| Carbon | central element for all organic macromolecules |
| Carbohydrates | main source of energy and structural support |
| Monosaccharides | one sugar |
| Polysaccharides | many sugar put together |
| Glycogen | glucose stored in animals |
| Starch | glucose stored in plants |
| Cellulose | polysaccharide that is found in cell walls, e.g. "wood", corn etc. |
| Chitin | polysaccharides found in exoskeletons of arthropods |
| Lipids | stored energy and are hydrophobic |
| Nucleotides | monomer of nucleic acids |
| amino acid | monomer that forms protein |
| Polypeptide chain | another name for protein |
| Proteins | control rate of reactions, fight disease, form muscle and bone |
| Enzymes | speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy |
| Denature | changing the shape and losing the function of an enzyme |
| Biological catalyst | protein enzymes that speed up reactions, another name for enzymes |
| Peptide bond | connects amino acids together in a polypeptide chain |
| Nucleic acids | store and transmit genetic information |