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Unit 9 Cell Division
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gametes | Sperm and egg. Also called sex cells. These contain half of the parent’s chromosomes and are haploid (n). |
| Sexual Reproduction | Two parents make a new offspring. Each gives half of the genetic material to the offspring which is a unique individual. Sexual reproduction increases variation in a population. |
| Asexual Reproduction | One parent makes offspring that are an exact copy of the parent. An example is binary fission. |
| Diploid | A cell having a single set of paired chromosomes. All body cells are diploid. (2n) |
| Haploid | A cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. Gametes are haploid. (n). These are also called sex cells. Male are sperm and female are eggs. |
| Mitosis | Cells divide to make 2 identical cells. Mitosis is for growth and repair of body(somatic) cells. |
| Meiosis | The process to make gametes. Makes 4 haploid gametes. Gametes are the sex cells and are haploid (n) In males they are called sperm and in females they are called eggs. |
| Fertilization | When a haploid sperm and a haploid egg join to make a diploid zygote. n + n = 2n |