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antibiotics

microbiology

QuestionAnswer
penicillin gram - / transpeptidase inhibitor. mimics dAla-dAla
cephalosporin gram - (like penicillin but broader & resist beta-lactamase inactivation)
monobactam aerobic gram -
carbapene all
cycloserine mycobacteria / inhibits dAla-dAla synthesis for mucopeptide
vancomycin gram+ / binds dAla-dAla peptide directly
bacitracin Staph. aureus/Strep pyogenes skin infections/ inhibits PG transporter
isonazid TB/ inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
streptogramin staph, strep, Enterococcus faecium / 50S
oxazolidinone gram+ cocci/ 50S
aminoglycosides many gram-, some gram+, no anaerobes / 30S
chloramphenicol not used due to disruption in bone marrow synthesis
clindamycin staph & anaerobic gram(-)rods/enterobacteria / 50S - associated w/ C. difficile colonization
macrolide broad except gram- / 50S
tetracycline chlamydia, mycoplasma, rickettsia, other gram-/+ / 30S
polymyxins gram- rods/ detergent action
daptomycin gram+ / depolarize membrane
rifampin TB & aerobic gram+ cocci (Staph) / inhibit RNA Pol
metronaidazole ameobas, giardas, serious anaerobes / damage DNA in anaerobes
fluoroquinolones both gram+/- / inhibit gyrase & topoIV
sulfonamide both gram+/- / inhibits dihydropteroate syntase - folic acid synthesis
trimethoprim both gram+/- / inhibits DHFR - folic acid synthesis
Created by: beuscher
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