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Chapter 11 Biology
Meiosis and Mitosis Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of heredity, or "family trees". Helps all scientists understand biology better. | Genetics |
| A characteristic that is different from one person to another | Trait |
| The name of an offspring that has parents with two different traits | Hybrid |
| When alleles seperate | Segregation |
| Another name for sex cells (Sperm and Egg) | Gamete |
| An organism that has the same alleles for the same trait (TT or tt) | Homozygous |
| An organism that has different alleles for the same trait (Tt) | Heterozygous |
| An organism's appearance (its physical characteristics) | Phenotype |
| An organism's genetic characteristics | Genotype |
| Genes segregate by themselves, and do not have anything to do with the other genes' inheritance | Independent Assortment |
| When neither allele's are dominating over the other (the allele's are "equal" in power) | Incomplete Dominance |
| When both allele's take part in the physical aspect of the organism | Co-dominance |
| When genes have 2+ allele's | Multiple Allele's |
| Traits controlled by 2+ genes (having many genes) | Polygenic Traits |
| A cell that has just one set of chromosomes (sex cells) | Haploid |
| A cell that has both sets of chromosomes (Things like muscle cells or skin cells) | Diploid |
| When the number of chromosomes in each cell is cut in half by the segregation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell (In short, it's the scientific explanation for how we got 23 chromosomes from dad and 23 from mom) | Meiosis |
| Each chromosome connects with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form ________ | Tetrads |