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MRS. SMITH'S GENETIC
Genetics Test Prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Monohybrid cross | 1 trait |
| Dihybrid | 2 traits |
| Mendel's Laws | 1)Law of Dominace ; 2)Law of Segregation ; 3)Law of Independent Assortment |
| Homozygous Dominant | BB |
| Homozygous Recessive | bb |
| Heterozygous | Bb |
| Mendel experiment | Used pea-plants to test genetics. He used pea-plants because they grow fast and don't have many traits. Also they have more offspring. |
| Another word for gene is... | Alleles |
| Phenotype | Physical Appearance (Black, White, Rough, Smooth) |
| Genotype | Their gene structure, (Homozygous Dominant, Heterozygous) |
| Gametes | like BR, br, Br, etc. |
| "Unlinked" | On different chromosomes; just shown as single stranded chromosome instead of a whole chromosome, since the chromatids are identical (9 3 3 1 ratio) |
| "Linked" | Genes are on the same chromosome (3 1 ratio) |
| Crossing Over | Could unlink linked chromosomes |
| More Prominent in men traits | Color Blindness, Duchene's muscular dystrophy, Hemophilia |
| Thomas Hunt Morgan | "the fly guy", found sex linked trait in fruit flies' eyes (red in female, white in men) |
| Polygenic Inheritance | Many genes, like us...eye, hair , skin color |
| Type A Blood | Co-Dominant |
| Type B Blood | Co-Dominant |
| Type O Blood | Recessive and is the Universal Donor |
| Type AB Blood | Universal Recipient |
| Sex Linked Trait Definition | Traits that are specific to a gender |
| Hemophilia | Sex-Linked, Recessive, Forms a blood clot |
| Color Blindness | Sex-Linked, Recessive |
| Normal Person with a Hemophiliac in Family (Women) | XHXH |
| Carrier with a Hemolphiliac in Family (Women) | XHXh |
| Hemophiliac RARE (Women) | XhXh--Women don't usually get this disease |
| Normal Person with a Hemophiliac in Family (Men) | XHY |
| Hemophiliac | XhY--Men either have the disease or don't |
| Sickel Cell Amemnia | Deformed Red blood cell, looks like a bananna that clogs pathways and cannot carry much oxygen, but it is a protecttion against Malaria (recessive and common in Africa) |
| Cystic Fibrosis | Clogs up tubes and lungs, makes you have salty sweat and as a baby you don't grow very fast (recessive and protects against Cholera) |
| Gene Frequency | like Sickel Cell--More people in Africa want it som that it protects them against Malaria |
| Achondroplasia | Drawfism, autosomal dominant |
| Phenylketonuria (PKU) | Cannot metabolize phenylalanine, which is an amino acid (autosomal recessive) |
| Polydactyl | "extra digits", autosomal dominant |
| Autosomal | on the 1-22 chromosomes |
| Huntingtons Disease | Autosomal Dominant |
Created by:
amylynn
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