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Adv. Bio. Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Arteriole | Minute artery |
| Artery | A vessel that carries blood AWAY from the heart |
| Atrium | a chamber of the heart receiving blood from the veins |
| Capillary | a minute blood vessel connecting arterioles with venules |
| Cardiac cycle | sequence of events encompassing one complete contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles of the heart |
| Cardiac output | the blood volume (in liters) ejected per minute by left ventricle |
| Diastolic pressure | lowest arterial BP (relaxing) |
| Myocardium | the cardiac muscle layer of the heart wall middle layer |
| Pericardium | the membranous sac enveloping the heart outside layer |
| Pulmonary Circulation | system of blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs for gas exchange |
| Pulse | rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction; can be felt from the outside of the body |
| Semilunar Valves | valves that prevent blood return to the ventricles after contraction |
| Systolic Pressure | the pressure generated by the left ventricle during systole |
| Vein | a vessel carrying blood away from the tissues toward the heart |
| Ventricles | (1) discharging chambers of the heart (2) cavities within the brain lower chambers of the heart |
| Veinales | small veins |
| endocardium | innermost layer of the heart |
| Which side does the apex point to? | the left side of the body |
| Tachycardia | fast heart rate |
| bradycardia | slow heart rate |
| SA node | also known as pacemaker, starts each heart beat |
| CHF disease | occurs when heart is unable to pump blood effectively.fluid can build up as a result of CHF (congestive heart failure). symptoms include congested lungs, shortness of breath, water retention, dizziness, and weakness. |
| Stroke volume | the volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat |
| What causes heart sounds? | the closing of valves and the collision of blood against them when they do |
| Tunic Intema | endothelium- inner layer of arteries and veins |
| Tunic Media | middle layer |
| Tunic Externa | outer layer |
| Capillary walls | one cell thick |
| Why are artery walls thicker than veins? | artery walls need to withhold the pressure of the blood coming right from the heart. In veins there isn't as much pressure |
| Peripheral resistance | the force against blood flow. Increase in this is usually caused by an increase in vasoconstriction, which would decrease blood flow. |
| Name 2 sets of exceptions to the rule that arteries usually carry O2 rich blood and veins carry CO2 rich blood | pulmonary or umbilical. (portal?) |
| Circle of Willis | the communication between the left and right carotid arteries, which provide arterial blood to the brain |
| Ductus venosus | the vessel that bypasses the liver in fetal circulation |
| Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus | the 2 vessels that bypass the lungs in fetal circulation |
| Umbilical vein | the vessels that carry oxygen and nutrient rich blood in the umbilical cord |
| wrist | radial arteries |
| lateral to eyes | temporal arteries |
| below earlobe | carotid arteries |
| groin | femoral arteries |
| back of knee | popliteal arteries |
| carotid arteries | supply blood to brain |
| varicose veins | veins with a weakness of valves factors- obesity, pregnancy, standing for long periods of time. results from inactivity/pressure on veins |
| valves | allow blood to move from atria to ventricle |
| Heart beat sound is produced by? | closing of valves |
| portal circulation | type of circulation that has a capillary bed that is both fed and drained by veins |
| Blood pressure | maintains circulation throughout whole body |
| function of lymph vessels | get rid of waste |
| spleen | destroys dead red blood cells produces lymphocytes |
| septum | seperates left and right sides of heart |
| aorta | supplies blood to all body tissues |
| bycuspid | left |
| tricuspid | right |
| corda tendona | cords that anchor valves |
| valvularstenosis | stiff valves |
| coronary arteries | arteries that supply heart with nutrients |
| mycardial infarction | medical name for heart attack |
| angina | chest pain |
| fibrolation | rapid uncordinated shuttering of heart valves |
Created by:
Sarahpetersen4
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