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neurone/ impulses
synapses, ap and reflex arc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name three types of neurone | relay, motor and sensory |
| layer of cells surrounding the axon | schwann cells |
| gap between the schwann cells | node of ranvier |
| dendron/dendrites | moving towards cell body |
| axon | moving away from cell body |
| what are surrounding the schwann cells wrapped around the axon | layer of lipid secreted by schwann cell |
| motor neurones | impulses sent from brain to the effector |
| sensory | impulses sent from receptor to the brain |
| what is a reflex | rapid, involuntary response to stimuli |
| bright light | pupil constricts |
| dim light | pupil dilates |
| receptor in pupil reflex arc | photoreceptors |
| sensory nerve | optic nerve |
| co-ordinated | coordinating cells in the midbrain |
| motor nerve | parasympathetic motor neurones |
| name the muscles in the eye | circular radial |
| Name the ions present in the axon | Na K |
| Which one goes out and which one goes bk in | K in Na out |
| What else is present inside the axon | negative inorganic substances |
| Which ion is the membrane impermeable to | Na |
| why do Cl ions move in and out | balance the charge differences |
| What type of response is action potential firing | all or nothing response |
| What type of conduction is ap | saltatory |
| refractory period | time of gap between the action potentials |
| How is the summation intensity increases | spatial-more than one neurone sends the impulse temporal-multiple action p sent very quickly |
| Name the gap between two neurones | synaptic cleft |
| What are the names of the two membranes involved? | presynaptic & post synaptic |
| What is contained inside the synaptic vesicles | neurotransmitters |
| name a neurotransmitter | acetylcholine |
| How is amount of acetyl choline maintained | ATP from mitochondria cause acetyl and choline to recombine or synthesised from sER |
| What are the advantages of having a synapse | one way system, weed out weaker impulses |