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MP Chapter 8
Market Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| market segmentation | Aggregates potential buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action. |
| market segments | The relatively homogeneous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process. |
| product differentiation | The strategy of using different marketing mix activities to help consumers perceive a product as being different and better than competing products. |
| market-product grid | A framework relating the segments of a market to products or marketing actions of the firm. |
| usage rate | The quantity consumed or the number of store visits during a specific period. |
| 80/20 rule | The idea that 80 percent of a firm's sales are obtained from 20 percent of its customers. |
| product positioning | The place a product occupies in consumers' minds based on important features relative to the competitive products. |
| product repositioning | Changing the place a product occupies in a consumers' minds relative to competitive products. |
| perceptual map | A means of displaying the position of products or brands in consumers' minds. |
| one product, multiple market segments | Avoids the extra costs of developing and producing more versions of the product. Incremental costs of taking the product into a new market segment are normally a separate campaign. |
| multiple products, multiple market segments | Ability to meet multiple customers' needs, but can if it doesn't meet the needs then it can just end up reducing quality and raise prices. |
| build-to-order (BTO) | Manufacturing a product only when there is an order from the customer. The system trims work-in-progress inventories and shorten delivery times to customers. |
| mass customization | Tailoring goods or services to the tastes of the individual customers on a high-volume scale. |
| organizational synergy | The increased customer value achieved through performing organizational functions such as marketing or manufacturing more efficiently. |
| cannibalization | When the new products or new chain simply stealing customers from the older, existing ones. |
| 5 steps to segment the market and select the target market | 1) Group potential buyers into segments. 2) Group products to be sold into categories. 3) Develop a market-product grid and estimate the size of the markets. 4) Select target markets. 5) Take marketing actions to reach target markets. |
| step 1: group potential buyers into segments (5 essential criteria) | -simplicity and cost-effectiveness of assigning potential buyers to segments -potential for increased profit -similar needs of potential buyers within segment -difference of needs of buyers segments -potential of marketing action to reach a segment |
| ways to segment consumer markets | 1) geographic segmentation 2) demographic segmentation 3) psychographic segmentation 4) behavioral segmentation |
| step 2: group products to be sold into categories | Can possibly sell products as a package deal |
| step 3: develop a market-product grid and estimate the size of the markets | definition of market-product grid |
| step 4: select target markets (5 criteria) | 1) market size 2) expected growth 3) competitive position 4) cost of reaching the segment 5) compatibility with the organization's objectives and resources |
| step 5: |