one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

a trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome or the Y chromosome in humans

one of a pair of genes that tend to be inherited together

a diagram of gene positions on a chromosome

in chromosome mapping, an increment of 1 percent in the frequency of crossing-over

a mutation that occurs in an organism's gametes

somatic-cell mutation

a mutation that occurs in a body cell

a gene or chromosomal mutation that influences the development of an organism in such a way that the organism cannot survive

the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome

a reversal in the order of the genes, or of a chromosome segment, within a chromosome

the movement of a segment of DNA from one chromosome to another, which results in a change in the position of the segment; also the movement of soluble nutrients from one part of a plant to another

the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis 1 of the failure of sister chromatids to separate during mitosis or meiosis 2

a mutation in which only one nucleotide or nitrogenous base in a gene is changed

a mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is replaced with a different nucleotide

a mutation, such as the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in a coding sequence, that results in the misreading of the code during translation because of a change in the reading frame

a mutation in which one or more nucleotides are added to a gene

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Biology Chaoter 12

Biology Chapter 12 Secion 1 Vocab

Term	Definition
sex chromosome	one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
autosome	any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
sex-linked trait	a trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome or the Y chromosome in humans
linked gene	one of a pair of genes that tend to be inherited together
chromosome map	a diagram of gene positions on a chromosome
map unit	in chromosome mapping, an increment of 1 percent in the frequency of crossing-over
germ-cell mutation	a mutation that occurs in an organism's gametes
somatic-cell mutation	a mutation that occurs in a body cell
lethal mutation	a gene or chromosomal mutation that influences the development of an organism in such a way that the organism cannot survive
deletion	the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome
inversion	a reversal in the order of the genes, or of a chromosome segment, within a chromosome
translocation	the movement of a segment of DNA from one chromosome to another, which results in a change in the position of the segment; also the movement of soluble nutrients from one part of a plant to another
nondisjunction	the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis 1 of the failure of sister chromatids to separate during mitosis or meiosis 2
point mutation	a mutation in which only one nucleotide or nitrogenous base in a gene is changed
substitution	a mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is replaced with a different nucleotide
frame shift mutation	a mutation, such as the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in a coding sequence, that results in the misreading of the code during translation because of a change in the reading frame
insertion mutation	a mutation in which one or more nucleotides are added to a gene

Created by: frankk17

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