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zoo141 ch.10

muscles

QuestionAnswer
TYPES OF LEVERS (first class) fulcrum lies between applied force and the load
TYPES OF LEVERS (second class) load lies between applied force and the fulcrum
TYPES OF LEVERS (third class) (most common): force applied between load and the fulcrum
origin fixed attachment point
insertion movable attachment point
agonist (prime mover): produces most force for particular action
synergist helps agonist
antagonist opposes agonist
Orbicularis oculi closes eye
Orbicularis oris Compresses lips
masseter Elevates mandible
temporalis Elevates mandible
Sternocleidomastoid flexes neck
trapezuis Upper part extends head, elevates scapula; lower part depresses scapula
Pectoralis major Flexes, adducts arm
Serratus anterior Protracts shoulder
Latissimus dorsi Extends, adducts arm
deltoid Abducts arm
infraspinatus Lateral rotation of arm
Biceps brachii Flexes forearm
Brachioradialis Flexes forearm
Triceps brachii extends forearm
Pronator teres Pronation
Flexor carpi radialis Flexes and abducts hand
Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexes and adducts hand
Palmaris longus Flexes hand
Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexes fingers
Extensor carpi radialis longus Extends and abducts hand
Extensor digitorum Extends fingers (2-5)
Rectus abdominis Flexes vertebral column
External oblique Flexes, bends vertebral column
Erector spinae Extends vertebral column
Gluteus medius Abducts thigh
Gluteus maximus Extends thigh
Tensor fasciae latae Flexes thigh
Adductor longus Adducts thigh
Adductor magnus Adducts thigh
gracilis Adducts thigh, flexes leg
iliacus Flexes thigh
Pectineus Flexes, adducts thigh
Rectus femoris Flexes thigh, extends leg
Vastus lateralis Extends leg
Vastus medialis Extends leg
sartorius Flexes leg and thigh
Biceps femoris Flexes leg, extends thigh
Semimembranosus Flexes leg, extends thigh
Semitendinosus Flexes leg, extends thigh
Tibialis anterior Dorsiflexes, inverts foot
Fibularis longus Everts foot
Gastrocnemius Plantarflexes foot, flexes leg
Extensor digitorum longus Extends toes (2-5)
pennate muscle fascicles form a common angle with the tendon
Created by: btuehara
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