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Genetics Vocab
Topics 4 & 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allele | An alternative form of a gene. For ever two alleles, you access a gene from each parent. |
| Gene | A factor that is inherited and controls specific characteristics. ex:blue eyes |
| Genome | The whole of the genetic information of an organism. |
| Locus | A specific location of a gene on the chromosome. |
| Dominant Allele | If present at all then shows as a trait. |
| Recessive Allele | Shows if dominant is not present. |
| Diploid | A cell/organism that has 2 set of chromosomes (1 mother--> 1 father)during the diploid state haploid numbers are double. |
| Haploid | The amount of chromosomes an organism has in its gamete(sperm cell)Ex: sperm cell/egg cell |
| Autosomes | Any chromosomes that is not a sex chromosomes 1-22 are autosomes |
| Genotype | Genetics Ex:BB,Bb,bb |
| Phenotype | Physical traits. Ex: eye color |
| Sex Linked Trait | Allele located on sex chromosomes. |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosome that contain the same gene & loci |
| Sex Chromosomes | Type of chromosomes that determine sex or sexual characteristics. Xy boy, xx girl, y=short, x=longer |