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Evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago. | fossils |
| Determining the age of a fossil by its position in sediment (rock). | Relative Dating |
| Determining a numerical age of a fossil by using radioactive isotopes. | Absolute Dating |
| During radioactive decay, the unstable _________ element decays into a stable _________ element. | parent, daughter |
| The amount of time it takes 1/2 of the parent element to decay into the daughter element. | half-life |
| A group of organisms that has the ability to reproduce and have fertile offspring. | species |
| A group of organisms that is made up of members from the same species. | population |
| A change in the genetic make-up of a population over time, leading to a diversity among organisms. | evolution |
| Scientist who used his findings to formulate the theory of Natural Selection. | Charles Darwin |
| Process by which the survival and reproduction of a population is determined by those best suited for the environment. | natural selection |
| Individuals with the best _________, survive and reproduce | genes (which code for traits, and thus adaptations). |
| Any structure or behavior that allows an organism to better respond to the environment. | adaptation |
| __________ is the basis of evolution. | Genetics |
| Genetically diverse populations are MORE/LESS likely to survive. | MORE |
| Process by which new species arise. | speciation |
| View of evolution that says speciation is gradual and continuous. | Phyletic Gradualism |
| View of evolution that says it occurs in rapid bursts of speciation followed by long periods of no change. | Punctuated Equilibrium |
| Scientist credited with coming up with Punctuated Equilibrium. | Stephen Jay Gould |
| Characteristics that are similar in function and structure; likely came from the SAME ancestor. | Homologous structures |
| Characteristics that are similar in function but dissimilar in structure; likely did NOT come from the same ancestor. | Analogous structures |
| Scientist whose view of evolution is no longer considered valid. | Lamarck |
| Lamarck suggested that organisms pass on traits they ________________ during their lifetime to their offspring. | acquired/developed |
| Similarities between species which protects at least one of the two species. | mimicry |
| Structures in modern organisms that are no longer functional, but were likely functional in their ancestors. | vestigial organs |
| Diagrams that show evolutionary relationships among different organisms. | cladograms |
| The two main goals of living organisms are to __________________ & ________________. | survive, reproduce |
| Two things that adaptations depend on include: | rate of reproduction and environmental pressures |
| Related organisms that have developed different traits over time. | divergent evolution |
| Unrelated organisms that have developed similar traits over time. | convergent evolution |
Created by:
ballb
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