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Evolution Vocab

TermDefinition
Convergent Evolution Evolution toward similar features in unrelated species
Divergent Evolution Closely related species that evolve in different directions
Coevolution Species that evolve in response to changes in each other
Microevolution A generation to generation change in allele frequency in a population
Homologous Body parts that are similar, but used differently
Analogous Body parts that perform similar function, but are not alike in structure.
Vestigial Small, leftover body parts that had a function in early ancestors, but have no use today.
Mass Extinction Happens at a global level because of catastrophic event like ice age, volcanic eruption or asteroid impact.
Extinction Elimination of a species
Adaptive Radiation One ancestral species that evolves into many descendent species.
Punctuated Equilibrium Life changes slowly then periods of quick evolutionary change happen
Background Extinction Extinctions that occur at a continual low rate.
Stabilizing Selection Extreme phenotypes eliminated, narrow range of phenotypes.
Directional Selection One extreme eliminated, population favors other extreme.
Disruptive Selection Extreme phenotypes are favored, means reduced.
Normal Distribution Most of the population is the mean, few extremes
Genetic Drift Change in allele frequencies due to chance
Bottleneck Effect Occurs when an event drastically reduces population size
Founder Effect It occurs when a few individuals start new population.
Gene Flow Movement of alleles between populations
Behavioral Isolation Isolation based on differences in courting or mating behaviors
Temporal Isolation Timing prevents reproduction between populations
Geographic Isolation Isolation caused by barriers like mountains, oceans, deserts
Allele Form of a gene
Allele Frequency Measure of how common an allele is in a gene pool or populations
Gene Pool All of the alleles in a group
Speciation New species evolves
Created by: Bioman12
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