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biology chapter 7

TermDefinition
cell The basic unit of living things.
cell theory The theory that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure, and all cells come from preexisting cells.
compound light microscope They use a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps.
electron microscope A microscope that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures.
eukaryote Unicellular or multicellular organisms.
nucleus Organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes.
organelle membrane bound structures with particular functions within eukaryote cells.
prokaryote unicellular organisms such as bacteria.
fluid mosaic model the model of the plasma membrane.
phospholipid has a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group.
plasma membrane the flexible boundary between the cell and its environment.
selective permeability a process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping orders out.
transport proteins move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane.
cell wall a fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection.
chromatin are strands of the genetic material, DNA.
nucleolus within the nucleus is a prominent organelle which makes ribosomes.
ribosomes the sites where the cells produce proteins according to the directions of DNA.
cytoplasm the clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell.
endoplasmic reticulum the site of cellular chemical reactions.
Golgi apparatus a flattered stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins.
vacuole membrane bound compartments for temporary storage of materials.
lysosomes organelles that contain digestive enzymes.
chloroplast cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy.
mitochondria membrane bound organelles in plant and animal cells that transform energy for the cell.
microtubules thin hollow cylinders made of proteins.
microfilaments smaller solid protein fibers.
cilia short numerous projections that look like hair.
flagella longer projections that move in a whip like motion.
Created by: nicholias
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